What diseases can be detected through a comprehensive biochemical blood test?

Generally, a complete biochemical test refers to a comprehensive set of biochemical examinations, which can detect diseases such as hyperlipidemia, diabetes, renal insufficiency, cirrhosis, and myocardial infarction. Detailed explanations are as follows:

1. Hyperlipidemia

In a comprehensive biochemical test, blood lipid indicators such as total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol that exceed the normal range may indicate hyperlipidemia. Hyperlipidemia is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and can lead to atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, etc.

2. Diabetes

Fasting blood glucose and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose levels in a comprehensive biochemical test are important indicators for diagnosing diabetes. If fasting blood glucose is ≥7.0 mmol/L or 2-hour postprandial blood glucose is ≥11.1 mmol/L, diabetes can be diagnosed in combination with clinical symptoms. Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease wherein prolonged high blood glucose levels can damage multiple organs throughout the body.

3. Renal Insufficiency

Kidney function indicators such as creatinine and blood urea nitrogen in a comprehensive biochemical test can reflect the excretory function of the kidneys. If these indicators are abnormally elevated, it may suggest renal insufficiency, meaning the kidneys are unable to adequately excrete metabolic waste and toxins from the body, which may lead to serious consequences such as uremia.

4. Cirrhosis

Liver function indicators such as albumin, globulin, and total bilirubin in a comprehensive biochemical test can indirectly assess liver reserve function and metabolic status. In cirrhosis, these indicators may become abnormal—for example, albumin may decrease, globulin may increase, and bilirubin may rise—suggesting severe damage to liver structure and function.

5. Myocardial Infarction

Myocardial enzyme indicators in a comprehensive biochemical test, such as creatine kinase-MB and lactate dehydrogenase, if significantly elevated, may indicate myocardial infarction. Myocardial infarction is caused by acute, persistent ischemia and hypoxia of the coronary arteries, leading to myocardial necrosis, which can result in serious arrhythmias, heart failure, or even death.

It is recommended to maintain a low-salt diet in daily life, choose high-quality low-protein foods such as lean meat, fish, eggs, and soy products, and limit the intake of high-potassium and high-phosphorus foods to maintain good health.