What are the different types of birthmarks?
May 19, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Liu Wenmin
Introduction
In general, birthmarks can be categorized into pigmented birthmarks, vascular birthmarks, and other types. Most birthmarks are benign and pose no threat to health, although they may affect appearance. However, if a birthmark undergoes abnormal changes, such as rapid enlargement, darkening in color, or surface ulceration, prompt medical attention is advised to rule out the possibility of malignancy.
Generally, birthmarks can be categorized into pigmented birthmarks, vascular birthmarks, and other types of birthmarks. Detailed classifications are as follows:
1. Pigmented Birthmarks
Pigmented birthmarks are caused by abnormal clustering or uneven distribution of skin pigment cells, and they vary in color and appearance. Common types of pigmented birthmarks include freckle-like moles, café-au-lait spots, and Mongolian spots.
2. Vascular Birthmarks
Vascular birthmarks are formed due to abnormal development or dilation of blood vessels. They can be divided into temporary and permanent types. Common examples include strawberry hemangiomas, port-wine stains, and cavernous hemangiomas.
3. Other Types of Birthmarks
In addition to pigmented and vascular birthmarks, there are some special types of birthmarks, such as white birthmarks and skin-colored birthmarks, which may result from developmental abnormalities during the embryonic stage.
Most birthmarks are benign and pose no threat to health; however, they may have aesthetic implications. If a birthmark undergoes abnormal changes, such as rapid enlargement, darkening in color, or surface ulceration, prompt medical evaluation should be sought to rule out the possibility of malignancy.
