What causes blood accumulation in the uterine cavity during early pregnancy?

Generally, intrauterine hematometra during early pregnancy may be caused by factors such as embryonic implantation, vigorous physical activity by the mother, cervicitis, adenomyosis, or uterine fibroids. Symptomatic management may involve general care or medication. If discomfort occurs, prompt medical consultation is recommended for appropriate treatment under a physician's guidance. Detailed explanations are as follows:

1. Embryonic Implantation

During the process of embryonic implantation into the endometrium, minor bleeding might occur, resulting in intrauterine hematometra. This is considered a normal physiological phenomenon and typically does not require specific treatment. As the embryo stabilizes and implants fully, the accumulated blood will gradually be absorbed. No special intervention is generally required, and observation alone is sufficient.

2. Vigorous Physical Activity by the Mother

During early pregnancy, vigorous physical activity may reduce the stability between the gestational sac and the endometrium, potentially triggering threatened miscarriage and resulting in intrauterine hematometra. This may be accompanied by symptoms such as lower abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding. It is recommended to stop all physical activity immediately, rest in bed, and avoid excessive fatigue.

3. Cervicitis

Cervicitis is primarily caused by infection with pathogenic organisms, vaginal flora imbalance, or irritation by chemical substances. Inflammation of the cervix may lead to partial or complete obstruction of the cervical canal, impeding the normal outflow of blood from the uterine cavity and resulting in intrauterine hematometra. This condition is often accompanied by symptoms such as increased vaginal discharge and cervical tenderness. Treatment may involve medications such as azithromycin capsules, Trachelospermum jasminoides capsules, or minocycline hydrochloride capsules, as directed by a physician.

4. Adenomyosis

Adenomyosis may be associated with trauma from uterine surgery, childbirth, or stimulation by high estrogen levels. In cases of adenomyosis, endometrial tissue abnormally invades the myometrium, impairing normal uterine contractions and blood outflow, which can lead to intrauterine hematometra. This condition is typically accompanied by symptoms such as menorrhagia and dysmenorrhea. Medications such as danazol capsules, ibuprofen sustained-release capsules, or combined norethisterone tablets may be used to alleviate symptoms, as directed by a physician.

5. Uterine Fibroids

Elevated levels of estrogen and progesterone in females may lead to the development of uterine fibroids. The presence of fibroids may alter the internal structure of the uterus, obstructing the outflow of blood from the uterine cavity and resulting in intrauterine hematometra. Additional symptoms may include menorrhagia, abdominal pain, and frequent urination. Treatment may involve medications such as Hongjin Xiaojie tablets, mifepristone capsules, or leuprolide acetate microspheres for injection, as directed by a physician.

Pregnant women are advised to attend regular prenatal checkups at the hospital to monitor maternal health and fetal development in a timely manner.