What are the differences between fixed dentures and dental implants?

Generally speaking, fixed dentures and dental implants are two different methods of dental restoration, which differ in restoration methods, indications, service life, cost, aesthetics, and other aspects. A detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Restoration Methods

Fixed dentures usually utilize porcelain-fused-to-metal or all-ceramic crowns. They require grinding down the two healthy teeth adjacent to the missing tooth, then fabricating a connected bridge which is directly bonded onto the teeth. In contrast, dental implants involve locating and drilling holes in the jawbone using a spherical drill, followed by implanting the implant into the jawbone. After the implant forms a bony integration with the jawbone, a dental crown is installed.

2. Indications

Fixed dentures are suitable for cases with fewer missing teeth, smaller gaps, and healthy adjacent teeth. This method requires grinding down the adjacent healthy teeth, which may cause some degree of damage to them. Dental implants are suitable for cases with multiple missing teeth, larger gaps, and higher demands for aesthetics and masticatory function. Implants do not require grinding adjacent teeth and cause no damage to them.

3. Service Life

The typical service life of fixed dentures is 10–15 years, depending on the health condition of the abutment teeth, the patient's oral hygiene habits, dietary habits, and other factors. If the abutment teeth become loose or decayed, the lifespan of the fixed denture may be affected. With proper maintenance, dental implants can last more than 20 years or even a lifetime, although regular dental check-ups and maintenance are required.

4. Cost

The overall cost of fixed dentures is relatively low, generally including expenses for abutment tooth preparation and crown fabrication. The price varies according to the materials selected, with a general reference range of 2000–3000 RMB. In contrast, dental implants are more expensive, including the cost of the implant itself, surgical fees, crown costs, and possibly bone augmentation procedures, with a general reference range of 5000–15,000 RMB.

5. Aesthetics

Fixed dentures offer good aesthetics and can restore the original tooth shape and color. They are comfortable to wear, but attention to oral hygiene is necessary to prevent secondary caries and periodontal issues. Dental implants offer excellent aesthetics, closely resembling natural teeth. They are highly comfortable, cause no foreign body sensation, and have minimal impact on tongue movement and function.

In daily life, attention should be paid to oral care, including rinsing the mouth promptly after eating to reduce the risk of oral diseases.