What does nodular goiter mean?

Nodular goiter is generally a benign thyroid disease caused by repeated proliferation and uneven repair of thyroid tissue, leading to the formation of multiple nodules. If abnormalities are detected, timely medical consultation is recommended. Detailed analysis is as follows:

Most cases of nodular goiter are caused by iodine deficiency or abnormal synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones. There are usually no obvious symptoms in the early stages, but the thyroid gradually develops multiple nodules of varying sizes with moderate consistency. Some patients may have normal thyroid function and only discover the condition during a physical examination; others may experience difficulty breathing or swallowing discomfort due to compression of the trachea or esophagus by the enlarged thyroid, or develop symptoms of hyperthyroidism such as palpitations and excessive sweating due to autonomous secretion of thyroid hormones by the nodules.

When the nodules of nodular goiter grow large or experience intracystic hemorrhage, the neck mass may rapidly enlarge and become painful. If the nodules continue to grow and compress surrounding tissues, symptoms such as hoarseness and facial swelling may occur. Certain nodules may undergo malignant transformation into thyroid cancer, presenting as hard nodules with poor mobility. Close monitoring or timely intervention is necessary at this stage.

For diagnosed nodular goiter, regular follow-up with thyroid ultrasound and function tests is recommended, along with avoiding excessive or insufficient iodine intake and maintaining emotional stability.