What is adenomyosis?

Jul 09, 2025 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Zhang Lu

Introduction

In general, adenomyosis is a common gynecological condition characterized primarily by the invasion and growth of endometrial glands and stroma into the uterine muscle layer. For patients without symptoms or with mild symptoms who do not desire fertility, watchful waiting may be an appropriate management option. When necessary, surgical treatments can be selected, including hysterectomy, uterine artery embolization, and uterus-preserving procedures. Surgical treatment can provide a definitive cure.

Generally, adenomyosis is a common gynecological condition characterized mainly by the invasion of endometrial glands and stroma into the uterine muscle layer. A detailed analysis is as follows:

Adenomyosis refers to a condition in which endometrial glands and stroma invade the uterine muscular layer, forming either diffuse or localized lesions. It is a complex condition similar to endometriosis. Dysmenorrhea is one of the typical symptoms of adenomyosis, often progressively worsening. The pain usually occurs in the deep lower abdomen and the lumbosacral region and sometimes radiates to the perineum, anus, or inner thighs. Adenomyosis can also alter the uterine environment, affecting the implantation and development of fertilized eggs, thereby increasing the risk of infertility.

For patients without symptoms or with mild symptoms who have no fertility requirements, expectant management can be considered. When necessary, surgical treatments can be selected, including hysterectomy, uterine artery embolization, and uterus-preserving surgeries. Surgical treatment can provide a definitive cure but may impact fertility. Patients with adenomyosis should rest adequately during treatment, avoid getting chilled, and refrain from consuming spicy or irritating foods.

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What does it mean to have two menstrual periods in one month?

Having two menstrual periods usually refers to experiencing menstruation twice. In general, the main causes of having two menstrual cycles include emotional fluctuations, irregular lifestyle, luteal phase deficiency, endometrial polyps, adenomyosis, and others. If any discomfort occurs, it is recommended to promptly seek medical attention at a正规 hospital for proper diagnosis and treatment. In daily life, maintain a regular sleep schedule and avoid staying up late; also ensure a balanced diet.

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Why does my menstrual cycle occur once every half month?

In general, the main causes of having menstrual periods every half month include hormonal fluctuations during puberty, excessive stress, luteal phase deficiency, endometrial polyps, and adenomyosis. If this condition occurs, it is recommended to seek timely medical evaluation and treatment at a正规 hospital. In daily life, maintain a regular sleep schedule and avoid staying up late; keep emotional stability and reduce mental stress.

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How are uterine fibroids caused?

Under normal circumstances, the main causes of uterine fibroids include hormonal changes, aging, endometritis, polycystic ovary syndrome, and adenomyosis. If discomfort symptoms occur, it is recommended to seek timely medical treatment at a正规 hospital. In daily life, one should maintain external genital hygiene and avoid unclean sexual activity; maintain a regular diet and balanced nutrition.

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How large is the size of uterine adenomyosis considered severe?

To determine the severity of adenomyosis, the size of the lesion should not be the sole criterion. A comprehensive assessment is required, taking into account the extent of the lesion, symptom presentation, growth rate, and impact on fertility. Generally, the condition is considered relatively mild when the lesion is localized, the uterine volume is not significantly increased, and symptoms are mild. However, the condition may be more severe if the lesion is extensive, the uterine volume is markedly increased, or symptoms significantly affect quality of life, even if individual lesions are not large.