What is the normal value for the insulin release test?
Jul 11, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Yang Chuanjia
Introduction
The normal range for fasting insulin levels in an insulin release test is 5-20 mU/L. After a meal, levels typically peak within 30 minutes to 1 hour. If the test results show elevated fasting insulin levels, a delayed postprandial peak, or a reduced peak value, this may indicate insulin resistance or impaired islet function. Such conditions are commonly seen in obese individuals or those with prediabetes, where the body's sensitivity to insulin is decreased.
Under normal circumstances, the reference values for an insulin release test are as follows: fasting insulin levels should be 5-20 mU/L; levels reach a peak at 30 minutes to 1 hour after a meal, approximately 5-10 times the fasting level; by 2 hours after the meal, levels gradually decline, and by 3 hours, they approach fasting levels. A detailed explanation is as follows:
If the test results show elevated fasting insulin levels, a delayed postprandial peak, or reduced peak levels, this may indicate insulin resistance or impaired islet function. Such conditions are commonly seen in obese individuals or those in the prediabetic stage, where the body's sensitivity to insulin decreases, and insulin cannot function effectively.
If fasting insulin levels are below the normal range, and the postprandial peak is significantly reduced or absent, it may suggest diminished islet function. This is often observed in type 1 diabetes or advanced type 2 diabetes, where the insulin-secreting capacity of pancreatic β-cells declines, failing to meet the body's metabolic needs.
The insulin release test must be conducted in a fasting state. Vigorous physical activity and emotional fluctuations should be avoided during the test. If the results are abnormal, further clinical evaluation and testing should be promptly considered based on the patient's symptoms.
