Can breaking a thermometer cause mercury poisoning?
Jul 15, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Wang Lei
Introduction
Generally speaking, whether breaking a mercury thermometer will cause mercury poisoning depends on the volatility of the mercury, the amount of exposure, and the handling method. If handled promptly and properly, mercury poisoning usually won't occur; however, if not adequately managed, there may be a risk of mercury poisoning. After breaking a thermometer, remain calm, promptly collect the mercury beads using a stiff piece of paper, place them into a sealed bottle, and avoid direct skin contact.
Generally, whether breaking a thermometer can cause mercury poisoning depends on factors such as the volatility of the mercury, the amount of exposure, and how the situation is handled. If handled promptly and correctly, mercury poisoning usually does not occur; however, if not properly managed, there may be a risk of mercury poisoning. Detailed analysis is as follows:
If after breaking a thermometer, the spilled mercury beads are immediately collected and sealed in a bag, and the windows and doors are opened for ventilation to reduce the presence of mercury vapor indoors, the amount of mercury inhaled by the body is minimal, and mercury poisoning typically does not occur. In this case, the level of mercury exposure is within a safe range and has little impact on the body.
Although the mercury content in thermometers is relatively small, if not promptly handled after breakage, the mercury beads may volatilize indoors, forming mercury vapor. Prolonged exposure to such an environment and inhaling excessive mercury vapor may lead to accumulation of mercury in the body, posing a risk of chronic mercury poisoning, which may manifest as dizziness, fatigue, swollen gums, and other symptoms.
After breaking a thermometer, it is important to remain calm, promptly collect the mercury beads using a piece of stiff paper, place them into a sealed container, avoid direct skin contact, and enhance indoor ventilation for at least 24 hours to help reduce the hazards of mercury vapor.
