What causes bloody diarrhea in dysentery?

     In general, blood in the stool during dysentery may be caused by fragile intestinal mucosa, excessive bowel movements with irritation, bacterial dysentery, amoebic dysentery, toxic dysentery, and other related factors. It is recommended to seek timely medical attention, identify the underlying cause, and receive symptomatic treatment under a doctor's guidance. Detailed analysis is as follows:

     1. Fragile intestinal mucosa: The intestinal mucosa is naturally thin, and during dysentery, inflammation and irritation make it more fragile and prone to damage and bleeding, resulting in bloody stools. Spicy and hard foods should be avoided, while soft, easily digestible foods such as porridge and noodles are recommended to reduce mucosal irritation.

     2. Excessive bowel movements with irritation: Dysentery causes frequent diarrhea, and repeated friction of the intestinal mucosa during bowel movements aggravates existing mucosal damage and bleeding, often accompanied by anal burning and pain. Prompt anti-diarrheal treatment is necessary. After defecation, clean the anal area with warm water, keep the area clean and dry, and avoid infection.

     3. Bacterial dysentery: Infection with Shigella bacteria causes intestinal inflammation, leading to mucosal congestion, edema, and erosion, which result in bloody stools, often accompanied by fever, abdominal pain, and tenesmus. Patients may follow medical advice to use antimicrobial medications such as norfloxacin capsules, ciprofloxacin hydrochloride tablets, or cefixime dispersible tablets.

     4. Amoebic dysentery: Entamoeba histolytica invades the intestines, damaging the mucosa and forming ulcers, which cause bloody stools. The stool often appears like jam and may be accompanied by bloating. Patients may follow medical advice to take medications such as metronidazole tablets, tinidazole tablets, or ornidazole capsules to eliminate the parasite and promote ulcer healing.

     5. Toxic dysentery: In severe cases, extensive necrosis and bleeding of the intestinal mucosa occur, leading to increased blood loss in the stool, accompanied by systemic toxic symptoms such as high fever and convulsions. Immediate hospitalization is required. Patients should follow medical instructions to receive intravenous medications such as ceftriaxone sodium for injection, levofloxacin hydrochloride injection, and dexamethasone injection. Supportive treatments including fluid replacement and correction of electrolyte imbalances are also necessary.

     In daily life, attention should be paid to food hygiene; avoid eating raw, cold, or spoiled food, and wash hands before meals and after using the toilet. Drink plenty of water and replenish with diluted salt water during illness to prevent dehydration. Eating utensils should be cleaned and disinfected separately to avoid cross-contamination and promote recovery.