What to do about weak gastrointestinal function in infants

Generally, weak gastrointestinal function in infants may be caused by factors such as an immature digestive system, unstable intestinal flora, functional dyspepsia, food protein allergy, or acute gastroenteritis. It is recommended to seek timely medical attention and improve the condition through general treatments, medication, and other measures. A detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Immature Digestive System

Infants have tender gastrointestinal mucosa, insufficient secretion of digestive enzymes, and uncoordinated intestinal motility, which can easily lead to symptoms such as spitting up milk and abdominal distension. It is recommended to feed smaller amounts more frequently and avoid overfeeding. Breastfeeding should be on-demand, and when feeding with formula, attention should be paid to the temperature and concentration of the milk. Burping after feeding is also recommended.

2. Unstable Intestinal Flora

During the colonization process of intestinal flora in newborns, the balance can be easily affected by feeding methods and environmental factors, leading to impaired digestion and absorption, which may manifest as diarrhea or constipation. Breastfeeding is recommended to promote the colonization of beneficial bacteria.

3. Functional Dyspepsia

In the absence of organic disease, improper feeding or swallowing excessive air while crying may cause symptoms such as postprandial fullness and milk regurgitation without fever or blood in the vomitus. It is recommended to adjust the feeding posture to reduce air intake.

4. Food Protein Allergy

Allergy to cow's milk protein or certain components in breast milk may cause intestinal mucosal inflammation, leading to symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal distension, and blood in the stool, often accompanied by eczema. If breastfeeding, mothers should avoid allergens such as milk and eggs. For formula-fed infants, switching to an extensively hydrolyzed protein or amino acid-based formula is recommended.

5. Acute Gastroenteritis

Often caused by viral or bacterial infection, leading to damaged intestinal mucosa and symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration, and possibly fever. Mild to moderate dehydration can be managed with oral rehydration salts. Viral infections are treated with supportive care, while bacterial infections may require antibiotics such as Cefixime granules or Amoxicillin granules, as directed by a physician.

Parents should closely monitor changes in the infant's symptoms to promptly implement appropriate interventions.