What does it mean if urine is dark yellow?

　　Lemon yellow urine may be caused by insufficient water intake, taking vitamin B complex medications, urinary tract infections, damp-heat in the liver and gallbladder, cholecystitis, and other conditions. If abnormalities occur, timely medical consultation is recommended. Specific analysis is as follows:

　　1. Insufficient water intake: Inadequate daily water consumption leads to concentrated urine, increasing the concentration of pigments such as urobilinogen in the urine, causing it to appear lemon yellow. It is recommended to develop a habit of drinking water regularly, ensure sufficient daily water intake, and dilute the urine to alleviate symptoms.

　　2. Taking vitamin B complex medications: After taking medications such as vitamin B2 tablets or compound vitamin B injection, the drug metabolites are excreted through urine, causing the urine to appear bright lemon yellow. If this occurs due to medication, consult a doctor to determine whether dosage adjustment is needed. Urine color typically returns gradually to normal after discontinuation of the medication.

　　3. Urinary tract infection: Bacterial invasion causing inflammation in the urinary tract increases the presence of bacteria and inflammatory secretions in the urine, resulting in lemon-yellow urine. Symptoms often include frequent urination, urgency, painful urination, and a burning sensation in the urethra. Consult a doctor about using medications such as Cefaclor capsules, Levofloxacin hydrochloride tablets, or Sanjin tablets, while increasing water intake to flush the urinary tract.

　　4. Damp-heat in the liver and gallbladder: Accumulation of damp-heat pathogens in the liver and gallbladder affects bile metabolism, increasing bilirubin levels in the urine, which turns the urine lemon yellow. This is often accompanied by bitter taste in the mouth, distension and pain in the hypochondrium, abdominal distension, and loss of appetite. Doctors usually recommend medications such as Longdan Xiegan Pills, Yin Zhi Huang granules, or anti-inflammatory gallbladder tablets to clear heat and remove dampness.

　　5. Cholecystitis: Inflammation of the gallbladder causes impaired bile excretion, allowing bilirubin to reflux into the bloodstream and be excreted through urine, resulting in lemon-yellow urine. Symptoms often include pain in the upper right abdomen, nausea, vomiting, and fever. Doctors may prescribe medications such as ursodeoxycholic acid tablets, cefuroxime axetil dispersible tablets, or Dannning tablets.

　　In daily life, maintain good hygiene habits, avoid holding urine, maintain regular作息, eat a balanced diet, and undergo regular check-ups for the liver, gallbladder, and urinary system. If lemon-yellow urine persists or is accompanied by other discomforts, seek timely medical attention.