What are the causes of endometrial hyperplasia?

Endometrial hyperplasia is generally caused by factors such as excessive estrogen levels during the reproductive years, ovarian function decline during the perimenopausal period, endocrine disorders, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and long-term stimulation from endometritis. It is recommended to seek timely medical consultation to identify the underlying cause and improve the condition under a doctor's guidance through general treatment, medication, and other approaches. A detailed explanation is as follows:

1. Elevated estrogen levels during the reproductive years: Long-term anxiety, irregular sleep patterns, and lifestyle disturbances in women of reproductive age can lead to excessive estrogen secretion by the ovaries. Without sufficient progesterone antagonism, the endometrium continues to proliferate. It is recommended to maintain a regular lifestyle, avoid staying up late, reduce intake of high-sugar and high-fat foods, and consume more fresh fruits and vegetables.

2. Ovarian function decline during the perimenopausal period: During perimenopause, ovulation decreases or stops altogether, leading to disordered estrogen secretion. Without progesterone regulation, the endometrium may abnormally proliferate. Regular gynecological ultrasound examinations are recommended to monitor endometrial thickness. Under medical guidance, supplement with progesterone. Diet-wise, consuming more soy products such as tofu and soy milk can assist in hormone regulation.

3. Endocrine disorders: Long-term stress and mental tension can cause dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis, resulting in hormonal imbalance and inducing endometrial hyperplasia, often accompanied by menstrual irregularities. Patients may follow medical advice to use medications such as drospirenone ethinylestradiol tablets, desogestrel ethinylestradiol tablets, or ethinylestradiol cyproterone acetate tablets to regulate the endocrine system and maintain hormonal balance.

4. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): Patients with PCOS often experience ovulatory dysfunction, with continuous estrogen secretion and insufficient progesterone, which promotes excessive endometrial proliferation. This is often accompanied by oligomenorrhea and hirsutism. Patients should follow medical advice to use medications such as dydrogesterone tablets, progesterone capsules, or medroxyprogesterone acetate tablets to regulate the endometrium.

5. Chronic stimulation from endometritis: Chronic inflammation of the endometrium caused by infections such as bacteria or chlamydia can lead to long-term stimulation and abnormal proliferation of the endometrial tissue, often accompanied by lower abdominal pain and increased vaginal discharge. Patients should follow medical advice to use anti-infective medications such as cefixime dispersible tablets, metronidazole tablets, or doxycycline hyclate tablets.

During daily life, it is important to maintain good menstrual hygiene and avoid strenuous exercise during menstruation. Wear loose, breathable cotton underwear and change it frequently. Additionally, maintain a light diet and reduce the intake of spicy and irritating foods.