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What are the causes of infertility due to hyperthyroidism?

Aug 21, 2025 Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Zhang Lu
Introduction
Hyperthyroidism usually refers to hyperfunction of the thyroid gland. In general, the main causes of infertility associated with hyperthyroidism include hormonal secretion disorders, ovulatory dysfunction, endometrial abnormalities, decreased sperm quality, and immune system dysfunction. In daily life, it is important to maintain a regular作息 (routine), avoid excessive fatigue, maintain emotional stability, and prevent excessive mental stress.

Hyperthyroidism usually refers to hyperthyroidism. Generally, the main causes of infertility associated with hyperthyroidism include hormonal secretion disorders, ovulation dysfunction, abnormal endometrium, decreased sperm quality, and immune dysfunction. If discomfort symptoms occur, timely treatment at a reputable hospital is recommended. Detailed explanations are as follows:

1. Hormonal Secretion Disorders

Hyperthyroidism causes excessive secretion of thyroid hormones, which interfere with the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis function, leading to imbalances in sex hormone secretion and affecting reproductive function. Thyroid hormone levels can be controlled with medications such as methimazole tablets, propylthiouracil tablets, and carbimazole tablets, under a doctor's guidance, to restore hormonal balance.

2. Ovulation Dysfunction

Excessively high thyroid hormone levels can affect ovarian function, causing irregular ovulation or anovulation, making it difficult for women to conceive. Ovulation can be induced with medications such as clomiphene citrate tablets, letrozole tablets, and menotropins for injection, under a doctor's guidance, while actively treating hyperthyroidism.

3. Abnormal Endometrium

Hyperthyroidism may lead to poor endometrial proliferation or abnormal shedding, affecting embryo implantation and resulting in infertility. Thyroid function should be controlled first, and endometrial conditions can be regulated with medications such as progesterone soft capsules, dydrogesterone tablets, and estradiol valerate tablets, under medical guidance.

4. Decreased Sperm Quality

In men with hyperthyroidism, excessive thyroid hormones can impair testicular sperm production, leading to reduced sperm count and decreased motility, causing infertility. In addition to treating hyperthyroidism, sperm quality can be improved with supplements such as vitamin E soft capsules, zinc gluconate tablets, and levocarnitine oral solution, under a doctor's guidance.

5. Immune Dysfunction

Hyperthyroidism may trigger autoimmune responses, producing anti-sperm antibodies, anti-endometrial antibodies, etc., which hinder fertilization or embryo development. Immune function can be regulated using medications such as prednisone acetate tablets, methylprednisolone tablets, and azathioprine tablets, under medical supervision, along with treatment for thyroid function.

In daily life, it is important to maintain a regular routine and avoid excessive fatigue; keep emotionally stable and avoid excessive mental stress; eat a balanced diet rich in protein and vitamins; and regularly re-examine thyroid and reproductive functions to adjust treatment plans timely.

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