How are hemangiomas formed?
Sep 01, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Wang Lei
Introduction
In general, the formation of hemangiomas may be caused by abnormal embryonic development, genetic factors, hormonal changes, abnormal proliferation of vascular endothelial cells, local tissue hypoxia, and other factors. It is recommended to seek timely medical attention, identify the underlying cause, and undergo symptomatic treatment under a doctor's guidance. In daily life, it is important to protect the affected area and avoid trauma or friction that may lead to rupture and bleeding.
Generally, the formation of hemangiomas may be caused by abnormal embryonic development, genetic factors, hormonal changes, abnormal proliferation of vascular endothelial cells, localized tissue hypoxia, and other factors. It is recommended to seek timely medical consultation, identify the underlying cause, and undergo symptomatic treatment under a physician's guidance. A detailed analysis is as follows:
1. Abnormal Embryonic Development: Abnormal differentiation of vascular tissue during the embryonic stage can lead to structural vascular malformations and the formation of hemangiomas, which commonly appear during infancy. If the hemangioma is small and asymptomatic, regular monitoring is recommended, along with avoiding friction or irritation. If it affects appearance or function, laser therapy may be performed under a physician's guidance to thermally seal the abnormal blood vessels.
2. Genetic Factors: A family history of hemangiomas may predispose offspring to inherit susceptibility genes, increasing the likelihood of hemangioma formation, often manifesting during adolescence. Regular physical examinations are necessary for early detection and intervention. If the hemangioma continues to grow, cryotherapy may be used to destroy abnormal vascular tissue using low temperatures, promoting repair of normal tissue.
3. Hormonal Changes: Elevated estrogen levels in adult females during pregnancy or lactation may stimulate abnormal vascular proliferation, leading to hemangioma formation, commonly on the face or neck. If the hemangioma enlarges, medications such as propranolol cream, timolol eye drops, or prednisolone tablets may be used under medical supervision to inhibit vascular growth.
4. Abnormal Proliferation of Vascular Endothelial Cells: Excessive proliferation of vascular endothelial cells can lead to abnormal vascular plexus accumulation, forming a hemangioma, which may be accompanied by localized swelling. Patients may use medications such as pingyangmycin injection, bleomycin injection, or lauromacrogol injection under medical guidance to inhibit endothelial cell proliferation and reduce the hemangioma size. If pharmacological treatment is ineffective, surgical excision of the lesion may be performed.
5. Localized Tissue Hypoxia: Prolonged hypoxia in localized tissues can stimulate compensatory vascular proliferation, gradually forming a hemangioma, which may be accompanied by purplish skin discoloration. If the hemangioma affects blood circulation, interventional embolization may be performed to block abnormal vessels and prevent further progression of the hemangioma.
Routinely, patients should protect the affected area to avoid rupture and bleeding caused by trauma or friction, and maintain clean, dry skin. In terms of diet, reduce intake of spicy or irritating foods and consume more fresh vegetables and fruits to provide adequate nutrition, supporting the treatment and recovery from hemangiomas.
