What does a positive hepatitis B surface antigen test result mean?

Generally, a positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) indicates the presence of hepatitis B virus in an individual's body. If discomfort symptoms occur, it is recommended to seek timely diagnosis and treatment at a reputable hospital. Detailed analysis is as follows:

A positive HBsAg result indicates the presence of hepatitis B virus in the body. This antigen is a marker protein on the surface of the virus, and a positive test result directly suggests viral infection. However, this result alone confirms only the presence of infection and cannot determine whether the virus is actively replicating, whether liver damage has occurred, or how infectious the individual is. Further testing including the remaining four hepatitis B markers, hepatitis B virus DNA quantification, and liver function tests is required to comprehensively assess the disease stage and determine the appropriate management approach. Some individuals may remain in a chronic virus carrier state for a long time, with normal liver function, and may not require immediate treatment but should continuously monitor viral dynamics.

Patients should promptly visit a reputable hospital's hepatology department to complete the full set of relevant tests. During the waiting period for test results, alcohol consumption, staying up late, and taking medications that may damage the liver should be avoided. Regular follow-up tests are necessary to dynamically monitor the viral status and liver health. In daily life, individuals should maintain good personal hygiene and avoid sharing personal items that may come into contact with blood, such as toothbrushes and razors. Family members who have not received the hepatitis B vaccine should consider timely vaccination to reduce the risk of infection.