What are the risks associated with low apolipoprotein B levels?

　　Under normal circumstances, apolipoprotein B is primarily responsible for transporting low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Its low levels may lead to impaired nutrient absorption, abnormal liver function, insufficient cardiovascular protection, reduced immunity, delayed growth and development, and other issues. Detailed explanations are as follows:

　　1. Impaired Nutrient Absorption: The synthesis of apolipoprotein B depends on adequate nutrients such as protein and fat. Low levels often indicate insufficient nutrient intake or absorption problems. This condition can lead to gradual weight loss, reduced physical strength, and fatigue after daily activities. Long-term deficiency may also manifest as pale complexion and dry hair.

　　2. Abnormal Liver Function: The liver is the main organ responsible for synthesizing apolipoprotein B, and low levels may reflect reduced liver synthetic function. Mild abnormalities may cause symptoms such as reduced appetite and abdominal distension. Without timely intervention, as liver damage worsens, symptoms such as yellowing of the skin and darkened urine may appear, affecting normal liver metabolic functions.

　　3. Insufficient Cardiovascular Protection: Although elevated apolipoprotein B levels can lead to vascular hardening, excessively low levels disrupt lipid metabolism balance and reduce vascular endothelial repair capacity. In such individuals, blood vessel walls are relatively fragile, making bruising easy after minor impacts with slow resolution. Long-term effects may include reduced vascular elasticity, compromising circulatory stability.

　　4. Reduced Immunity: Apolipoprotein B participates in lipid metabolism of immune cells. Low levels impair immune cell activity, weakening functions of lymphocytes and macrophages. This manifests as frequent respiratory infections such as recurring colds and coughing, with prolonged recovery times after infections, affecting the body's ability to resist external pathogens.

　　5. Delayed Growth and Development: During childhood and adolescence, apolipoprotein B plays a crucial role in transporting lipids necessary for growth. Low levels can impair growth hormone synthesis and utilization. Affected children may show slower height growth compared to peers and have weights below normal standards. Long-term effects may include delayed skeletal development, impacting overall growth progression.

　　Daily recommendations include adjusting dietary structure and increasing intake of high-quality protein and healthy fats. Regular monitoring of related indicators, combined with consistent sleep patterns and moderate exercise, can help maintain stable apolipoprotein B levels and ensure normal bodily functions.