Is hepatitis B contagious?

　　Hepatitis B usually refers to Hepatitis B viral infection. Under normal circumstances, Hepatitis B is contagious, but it spreads only through specific routes, and ordinary daily contact does not lead to transmission. Detailed analysis is as follows:

　　Hepatitis B viral infection may be transmitted under specific circumstances such as blood contact, mother-to-child transmission, or sexual contact. Blood-borne transmission commonly occurs via sharing needles contaminated with the virus, receiving blood or blood products that have not been strictly tested, or using und sterilized dental instruments or tattooing tools. Mother-to-child transmission mostly occurs during childbirth, when the virus is passed to the newborn through contact with the birth canal. These routes may allow the hepatitis B virus to breach the body's defenses and enter a healthy person's system, causing infection.

　　Ordinary daily contact, such as sharing meals, handshaking, hugging, using office supplies together, or sharing a toilet with an infected individual, does not lead to transmission of Hepatitis B virus. This is because the hepatitis B virus has limited ability to survive in the external environment, and the intact skin and mucous membranes of healthy individuals can effectively block viral invasion.

　　To prevent Hepatitis B infection, individuals who have not been vaccinated or whose antibody levels are insufficient should promptly receive the hepatitis B vaccine to establish immune protection. Avoid sharing personal items that may come into contact with blood, such as needles, razors, etc.