What causes bleeding during ovulation?

Generally, mid-cycle bleeding may be caused by a temporary drop in estrogen levels, follicle rupture during ovulation, endometritis, cervicitis, endometrial polyps, and other factors. It is recommended to seek timely medical attention to determine the underlying cause and receive appropriate treatment under a physician's guidance. Detailed explanations are as follows:

1. Temporary drop in estrogen levels: Estrogen levels rise before ovulation and briefly decline afterward, leading to slight shedding of the endometrium and minor bleeding. This is a normal physiological phenomenon that does not require special treatment. Resting adequately and maintaining external genital hygiene are usually sufficient.

2. Follicle rupture during ovulation: Follicle rupture during ovulation may be accompanied by minimal bleeding, with blood being expelled along with secretions, manifesting as mid-cycle bleeding. The bleeding typically involves a small amount and lasts for a short duration. Maintaining genital hygiene and avoiding strenuous physical activity are recommended.

3. Endometritis: Often caused by pathogenic infections, inflammation can stimulate the endometrium, leading to congestion, edema, and possible mid-cycle bleeding, accompanied by lower abdominal pain and increased secretions. Patients may follow medical advice to use medications such as cefixime dispersible tablets, metronidazole tablets, and levofloxacin hydrochloride capsules.

4. Cervicitis: Often triggered by infections such as Chlamydia trachomatis or Neisseria gonorrhoeae, cervicitis leads to congestion and fragility of the cervical mucosa, making contact or mid-cycle bleeding more likely, along with abnormal secretions. Patients should follow medical advice to use medications such as azithromycin capsules, doxycycline hydrochloride tablets, and cefuroxime axetil tablets for treatment.

5. Endometrial polyps: Localized excessive endometrial growth forms polyps, with fragile blood vessels on their surface. Hormonal changes during ovulation may lead to bleeding, accompanied by prolonged menstrual periods and increased menstrual flow. Small polyps may be observed, while larger ones or those causing significant symptoms require hysteroscopic removal of the polyps to alleviate bleeding symptoms.

In daily life, maintaining cleanliness and dryness of the genital area is important. Wash the external genitalia daily with warm water and change cotton underwear regularly. Avoid frequent use of feminine hygiene washes to prevent disruption of the normal vaginal flora balance. Additionally, maintain regular sleep patterns, avoid excessive fatigue, and reduce potential triggers of mid-cycle bleeding.