What does drug dependence caused by drug abuse include?
Sep 16, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Yang Ziqi
Introduction
In general, drug dependence caused by drug abuse includes symptoms such as physical dependence, psychological dependence, increased tolerance, withdrawal reactions, and abnormal behavioral changes. When these symptoms occur, it is important to seek professional medical help promptly to prevent worsening harm. Additionally, avoid purchasing prescription drugs for non-medical use and do not arbitrarily increase or decrease medication dosages. If someone around you shows signs of drug dependence,
Under normal circumstances, drug dependence caused by drug abuse includes symptoms such as physical dependence, psychological dependence, increased tolerance, withdrawal reactions, and abnormal behavioral changes. When these symptoms occur, it is important to seek professional medical help promptly to prevent further harm. The details are as follows:
1. Physical Dependence
Long-term drug abuse causes the body to adapt to the presence of the drug. As the drug acts on areas such as the central nervous system, it alters normal physiological functions. Once drug use is stopped, the body cannot quickly readjust, leading to discomfort. For example, individuals who abuse opioids may experience muscle pain, nausea, and vomiting after stopping the drug. This reflects the body's adaptation to the drug and is a typical characteristic of physical dependence.
2. Psychological Dependence
During drug abuse, the drug stimulates the brain to produce feelings of pleasure, creating a strong psychological craving for this sensation. Even when aware of the drug’s harmful effects, individuals cannot control their urge to use it. For instance, those who abuse sedatives or hypnotics may repeatedly think, "I need the drug to relieve my anxiety," and may even prioritize drug use over responsibilities such as work or family. This represents psychological dependence on the drug.
3. Increased Tolerance
After prolonged drug use, the body becomes less sensitive to the drug. Doses that previously produced an effect no longer achieve the same results. To pursue the original effects, individuals unconsciously increase their dosage. For example, someone abusing stimulants may initially feel alert with a small dose, but over time must keep increasing the dose to achieve the same effect. This progressive increase in dosage is a sign of enhanced tolerance.
4. Withdrawal Reactions
When drug use is stopped or reduced, the body experiences a series of abnormal reactions due to the lack of drug supply. Withdrawal symptoms vary depending on the drug. For example, individuals withdrawing from alcohol may experience hand tremors, palpitations, insomnia, and in severe cases, disturbances in consciousness. These reactions typically appear within a certain period after stopping the drug and can last for some time.
5. Abnormal Behavioral Changes
To obtain drugs, individuals may engage in behaviors that contradict normal life routines, such as making up excuses to obtain medication from others, purchasing drugs through illegal channels, or even committing theft or fraud. Additionally, after using drugs, they may suffer from poor concentration and impaired judgment, negatively affecting social interactions and work performance. These behavioral abnormalities are also key indicators of drug dependence.
In addition, avoid self-medicating with prescription drugs or arbitrarily adjusting dosages. If someone around you shows signs of drug dependence, assist them in seeking treatment at a qualified medical institution, where professional therapy can help them overcome their dependence.
