What does it mean to have nodules on the liver, and what should be done?
Under normal circumstances, the main causes of liver nodules include intrahepatic bile duct stones, hepatic hemangioma, viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, and hepatocellular adenoma. Depending on the specific condition, treatments such as general management, medication, or surgical intervention may be selected to improve outcomes. Detailed analysis is as follows:
1. Intrahepatic Bile Duct Stones
Imbalance in bile composition leads to stone formation, which blocks bile ducts and causes local bile stasis. Long-term irritation of liver tissue due to this stasis can result in nodule formation. Adjust diet by reducing intake of high-fat and high-cholesterol foods, increase consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables, and undergo regular follow-up examinations to monitor changes in stones and nodules.
A benign tumor formed by abnormal proliferation of hepatic vascular endothelial cells, often caused by developmental abnormalities in blood vessels or changes in hormone levels. Avoid taking medications containing estrogen, maintain a regular lifestyle, avoid staying up late and excessive fatigue, and have regular ultrasound examinations to monitor nodule size.
3. Viral Hepatitis
Infection with hepatitis B or C virus damages liver cells, triggering inflammatory responses. During the repair process of injured liver cells, fibrous nodules may form. Under medical guidance, antiviral medications such as entecavir tablets, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate tablets, or sofosbuvir/velpatasvir tablets may be prescribed. Patients should abstain from smoking and alcohol during treatment and ensure adequate rest.
4. Alcoholic Liver Disease
Long-term heavy drinking causes repeated liver cell injury, fat accumulation, and subsequent fibrosis, leading to nodule formation. Complete abstinence from alcohol is essential. Supplement with high-quality protein and vitamins, and under medical supervision, take medications such as polyene phosphatidylcholine capsules, silybin capsules, or diammonium glycyrrhizinate enteric-coated capsules.
5. Hepatocellular Adenoma
A benign tumor caused by abnormal proliferation of hepatocytes, often associated with long-term use of oral contraceptives or metabolic disorders. Discontinue medications containing estrogen and have regular follow-up exams. If the nodule increases in size or poses a risk of rupture, laparoscopic resection of the adenoma may be required. After surgery, avoid strenuous physical activity.
In daily life, limit alcohol consumption and avoid excessive drinking; maintain a balanced diet and reduce intake of high-fat and high-sugar foods; undergo regular liver function tests and liver ultrasound examinations; avoid indiscriminate use of medications to minimize liver damage; and engage in regular physical activity to maintain a healthy body weight.
