Is thalassemia a type of hemolytic anemia?

Generally, thalassemia falls under the category of hemolytic anemia. The detailed explanation is as follows:

The hallmark of hemolytic anemia is that the rate of red blood cell destruction exceeds the bone marrow's compensatory capacity for blood cell production, leading to anemia. Thalassemia precisely fits this mechanism. Caused by genetic defects that result in abnormal hemoglobin synthesis, thalassemia leads to structural and functional damage in red blood cells. These defective red blood cells have a shortened lifespan and are prone to premature destruction in organs such as the spleen. Meanwhile, the bone marrow cannot produce new red blood cells fast enough to replace those destroyed, ultimately causing anemia—fully consistent with the pathological nature of hemolytic anemia.

In daily life, patients should avoid strenuous exercise to reduce oxygen consumption and prevent worsening symptoms such as fatigue and palpitations. Infections should be prevented, as they may accelerate red blood cell destruction and exacerbate the condition. A balanced diet with adequate intake of folic acid and vitamin B12 can support bone marrow hematopoiesis. Regular monitoring of complete blood count and hemoglobin levels is essential to assess the severity of anemia. Avoid medications that may affect red blood cells, and always consult a doctor before taking any medication. Individuals with a family history should consider genetic counseling, and prenatal screening during pregnancy is recommended to reduce the risk of giving birth to an affected child.