What are the disadvantages of performing a skin flap surgery on the fingers?

Generally, although finger flap surgery can repair tissue defects, it also has certain drawbacks, mainly including scar formation at the surgical site, complications at the donor site, abnormal finger sensation, restricted finger movement, and risks related to the flap. The specific analysis is as follows:

1. Scar formation at the surgical site: After surgery, scars will remain at the recipient site on the finger. These scars may be firm in texture and differ in color from the surrounding normal skin. In patients with a predisposition to keloid scarring, excessive scar proliferation may occur, which not only affects the appearance of the finger but may also cause local tissue tension due to scar contraction.

2. Donor site complications: Since the flap is taken from another part of the body, the donor site may experience pain, numbness, or scarring. In some cases, skin defects may remain at the donor site, requiring additional suturing or skin grafting, thus causing extra trauma and prolonging recovery time.

3. Abnormal finger sensation: Local nerves in the finger may be damaged during surgery, leading to postoperative sensory disturbances such as reduced sensation, numbness, or tingling at the recipient site. These sensory issues may persist for a long time, and in some cases may never fully recover, affecting tactile function.

4. Restricted finger movement: Early after surgery, the operated finger must be immobilized to ensure flap survival. Prolonged fixation may lead to joint stiffness. Additionally, if scar contraction affects tendons or joints, it may further limit finger flexion and extension movements. Gradual improvement typically requires structured rehabilitation exercises.

5. Flap-related risks: Postoperative flap circulation problems may occur, manifesting as pale, purplish, or cool-colored flaps. In severe cases, this can lead to flap necrosis, requiring additional surgical intervention. Surgical sites are also susceptible to infection, presenting symptoms such as redness, swelling, pain, and fluid discharge.

It is recommended to strictly follow the doctor’s instructions for postoperative care, keeping the surgical area clean and dry and changing dressings on schedule. Rehabilitation exercises should begin at the appropriate time to gradually restore finger mobility. Close attention should be paid to the healing progress of both the flap and donor site, and any abnormalities should be promptly reported to the physician.