When can cleft lip and palate be detected?

In general, the detection time of cleft lip and palate mainly depends on the examination method and fetal development. It can be identified during prenatal checkups or after the newborn's birth, with most cases being preliminarily detected during pregnancy via ultrasound. The specific analysis is as follows:

Prenatal ultrasound is the primary method for screening fetal cleft lip and palate. During the mid-pregnancy anomaly scan, the fetal facial organs have largely developed into their recognizable forms. Doctors can observe the structure of the lips and palate via ultrasound; obvious cases of cleft lip are highly likely to be detected. However, isolated cleft palate is often located in a less visible area and may not be clearly visualized on ultrasound, increasing the risk of missed diagnosis—some cases may only be discovered after birth.

In rare cases, if the cleft lip is mild or if the fetal position during ultrasound is unfavorable or oligohydramnios impairs visualization, a definitive diagnosis may not be possible during mid-pregnancy. In such instances, a follow-up ultrasound in late pregnancy or postnatal physical examination is needed. After birth, doctors immediately examine the newborn’s face and oral structures, and any type of cleft lip or palate can be diagnosed through direct observation.

Therefore, pregnant women should attend regular prenatal checkups, especially the mid-pregnancy anomaly scan, to screen for fetal cleft lip and palate as early as possible. If cleft lip or palate is diagnosed after birth, prompt medical consultation is essential. Under medical guidance, an appropriate treatment plan should be established, including surgical intervention to improve both appearance and function.