Why do gaps between teeth become larger due to gum recession?

Under normal circumstances, gum recession leading to widened tooth gaps may be caused by factors such as aging, improper brushing techniques, occlusal trauma, gingivitis, or periodontitis. It is recommended to seek medical attention promptly, identify the underlying cause, and receive appropriate treatment under a doctor's guidance. Specific analysis is as follows:

1. Aging: With increasing age, gum tissue gradually becomes thinner and less elastic, weakening its ability to adhere to teeth. This leads to gingival recession toward the root, exposing previously covered tooth gaps. In daily life, maintain proper brushing habits using a soft-bristled toothbrush and clean between teeth with dental floss.

2. Improper brushing technique: Long-term horizontal brushing with excessive force or using hard-bristled toothbrushes can continuously irritate the gums, causing gum damage and recession, making tooth gaps increasingly visible. Correct your brushing method immediately by adopting the Bass brushing technique, choosing a soft-bristled toothbrush, controlling brushing pressure, avoiding over-stimulation of the gums, and reducing gum injury.

3. Occlusal trauma: Prolonged excessive biting force or abnormal occlusion places undue stress on teeth, resulting in gum and alveolar bone recession, which enlarges tooth gaps. A dentist should adjust the occlusal relationship; if necessary, wear an occlusal splint to reduce tooth strain and prevent worsening trauma.

4. Gingivitis: Accumulation of dental plaque and tartar irritates the gums and triggers inflammation, which damages gum tissue, causing progressive gum recession and widening of tooth gaps, often accompanied by redness, swelling, and bleeding of the gums. Patients may use hydrogen peroxide solution, chlorhexidine mouthwash, or metronidazole mouthwash as directed by a physician.

5. Periodontitis: Untreated gingivitis can progress to periodontitis, where inflammation spreads to periodontal tissues, causing alveolar bone resorption and subsequent gum recession, significantly widening tooth gaps and potentially leading to loose teeth. Patients should take antibiotics such as amoxicillin capsules, metronidazole tablets, or cefixime capsules as prescribed to control infection.

Maintain good oral hygiene in daily life: brush teeth twice daily, rinse after meals, and use dental floss or water flossers to clean between teeth. Avoid chewing overly hard foods to reduce stress on teeth and gums. Comprehensive care helps preserve gum and periodontal health and prevents further widening of tooth gaps.