牙痛可能是What病的前兆
Oct 21, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Liu Chao
Introduction
一般情况下，牙痛并非单一Symptoms，可能是龋齿、牙髓炎、根尖周炎、牙周炎、智齿冠周炎等Disease的前兆。此外，有甲状腺功能亢进症、甲状腺功能减退等全身性Disease的Patient，若出现牙痛Symptoms，需及时就医明确病因，避免因身体特殊状况影响DiseaseTreatment与恢复。
Generally speaking, toothache is not a single symptom but may be a precursor to various dental conditions such as dental caries, pulpitis, periapical periodontitis, periodontitis, or pericoronitis of wisdom teeth. Specific analyses are as follows:
1. Dental Caries
Dental caries occur when bacteria erode the surface or interior of the tooth, forming cavities. When the cavity extends deep toward the dentin, stimuli such as cold, heat, sourness, or sweetness can trigger tooth pain. If left untreated, the cavity will continue to deepen, causing increasingly severe pain and even affecting normal eating.
2. Pulpitis
Often developing from untreated dental caries, pulpitis occurs when bacterial infection invades the pulp chamber, causing inflammation of the dental pulp tissue. This inflammatory response increases pressure within the pulp chamber, leading to spontaneous and paroxysmal tooth pain. Pain may worsen at night and can radiate to the head or face.
3. Periapical Periodontitis
If pulpitis is not effectively treated, the infection may spread to the root apex, resulting in periapical periodontitis. Patients may feel a distinct sensation of the tooth being elevated, experience intensified pain while chewing, and feel tenderness upon pressing the root area. In severe cases, gum swelling and pus discharge may also occur.
4. Periodontitis
Long-term accumulation of dental plaque and tartar along the gum line and within periodontal pockets irritates the gums and periodontal tissues, leading to periodontitis. The inflammation causes redness, swelling, and bleeding of the gums, accompanied by tooth pain. As the condition progresses, gum recession and root exposure may develop, increasing sensitivity to hot and cold stimuli.
5. Pericoronitis of Wisdom Teeth
During the eruption of wisdom teeth, insufficient space may cause the surrounding gum tissue to form a blind pouch where food debris easily accumulates, promoting bacterial growth and triggering inflammation. Patients often experience swelling and pain in the back teeth area, with increased discomfort during chewing or swallowing. In severe cases, trismus (difficulty opening the mouth) and facial swelling may occur.
In addition, patients with systemic diseases such as hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism who experience tooth pain should seek timely medical evaluation to identify the underlying cause, avoiding complications in treatment and recovery due to their unique physiological conditions.
