What to do about fever in myelodysplastic syndromes

In general, fever in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) may be caused by immune responses, environmental temperature fluctuations, upper respiratory tract infections, pulmonary infections, or urinary tract infections. Patients can choose appropriate management approaches such as general care or medication based on their specific conditions. Detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Immune Response

The disease causes immune dysfunction in patients, leading the body to mount an immune response against abnormal cells, which may result in low-grade fever. Patients should rest in bed to reduce physical exertion, use lukewarm water to wipe areas such as the forehead and neck for physical cooling, drink plenty of warm water to stay hydrated, maintain good indoor ventilation, and avoid excessive fatigue.

2. Environmental Temperature Fluctuations

Sudden exposure to high temperatures or cold environments can easily lead to fever due to impaired thermoregulation in patients. Adjust the ambient temperature promptly—move to a cooler area and reduce clothing in hot conditions; add layers and use a hot water bottle for warmth when chilled. Avoid frequently moving between environments with large temperature differences.

3. Upper Respiratory Tract Infection

Viral or bacterial invasion of the upper respiratory tract causes infection, and inflammatory stimulation leads to fever, often accompanied by sore throat and nasal congestion. Under medical guidance, patients may take medications such as Lianhua Qingwen Capsules, Compound Paracetamol and Amantadine Tablets, or Pudilan Anti-inflammatory Tablets. Adequate rest is important, excessive talking should be avoided to prevent worsening sore throat, and a light, easily digestible diet is recommended.

4. Pulmonary Infection

Pathogens invading the lungs trigger inflammation, and the release of inflammatory factors causes fever, accompanied by cough and sputum production. Under medical supervision, patients may take antibiotics such as Amoxicillin Clavulanate Potassium Tablets, Cefuroxime Axetil Tablets, or Levofloxacin Tablets. When necessary, sputum culture should be performed to identify the causative pathogen and guide antibiotic adjustment. Regularly turning and back tapping can help promote sputum clearance.

5. Urinary Tract Infection

Bacterial invasion of the urinary system causes infection, with inflammatory stimulation leading to fever, along with symptoms such as frequent urination and urgency. Under medical guidance, patients may take medications such as Cefixime Dispersible Tablets, Levofloxacin Hydrochloride Capsules, or Nitrofurantoin Enteric-coated Tablets. Drinking plenty of water increases urine output and helps flush the urinary tract. Maintain good perineal hygiene and avoid holding urine.

In daily life, patients should adjust clothing according to temperature changes to prevent colds or heatstroke; keep living environments clean and regularly disinfected to reduce pathogens; maintain a balanced diet rich in protein and vitamins to enhance immunity; monitor body temperature regularly, recording fever episodes and associated symptoms; and seek timely medical attention if persistent high fever or worsening symptoms occur, to ensure prompt diagnosis and treatment and avoid delays.