Is there a relationship between colorectal cancer and colorectal polyps?

Nov 03, 2025 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Li Jingxiang

Introduction

In general, there is a certain relationship between colorectal cancer and colorectal polyps; however, not all colorectal polyps will develop into colorectal cancer. Whether a polyp will transform into cancer depends on specific circumstances. Regular colonoscopy screenings are recommended, especially for individuals over the age of 40 or those with a family history of colorectal cancer, who should undergo examination every 3 to 5 years.

In general, colorectal cancer is associated with colorectal polyps, but not all colorectal polyps develop into colorectal cancer. Whether a polyp will transform into cancer depends on specific circumstances. The detailed analysis is as follows:

Colorectal cancer is linked to colorectal polyps. Non-adenomatous polyps are mostly caused by inflammation or mild mucosal hyperplasia, exhibit normal cell differentiation and slow growth, and have a low risk of malignant transformation. In contrast, adenomatous polyps are considered precancerous lesions with abnormal cell differentiation. If an adenomatous polyp exceeds 2 cm in size, has an irregular shape, or is accompanied by high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, the abnormal cells may gradually progress into cancer cells over time. Additionally, factors such as the growth rate of the polyp and whether it is subject to chronic inflammatory stimulation also influence the likelihood of malignancy. Therefore, whether a polyp will become cancerous must be evaluated based on individual circumstances.

Routine colonoscopy screening is recommended, especially for individuals over 40 years old or those with a family history of colorectal cancer, who should undergo examination every 3–5 years. Once polyps are detected, they should be removed promptly as directed by a physician and sent for pathological examination to determine their nature. Regular follow-up examinations after removal are essential to prevent recurrence. Maintaining a light diet rich in dietary fiber, reducing intake of high-fat and high-salt foods, avoiding smoking and alcohol consumption, and adhering to regular作息 (daily routines) can help reduce the risk of polyp malignancy.

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