应用青霉素时的Precautions有哪些

Precautions when using penicillin generally include conducting an allergy test in advance, following medical instructions for proper medication use, monitoring reactions after administration, avoiding combination with contraindicated drugs, and storing the medication appropriately. A detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Perform allergy testing in advance: A skin allergy test must be conducted before using penicillin. A small amount of the drug is injected into the forearm, and the site is observed for 15–20 minutes. If allergic reactions such as redness, swelling, or itching occur, penicillin should not be used to avoid severe adverse reactions such as anaphylactic shock.

2. Follow medical instructions for proper use: Use the medication strictly according to the prescribed dose, frequency, and duration. Do not adjust the dosage or discontinue the medication prematurely without medical advice. Insufficient dosage may lead to poor infection control, while stopping the medication arbitrarily may cause recurrence of illness or development of drug resistance, thereby affecting treatment outcomes.

3. Monitor reactions after medication: Closely observe your physical condition during and after taking the medication. If symptoms such as rash, fever, difficulty breathing, or palpitations occur, stop taking the drug immediately and inform your doctor to promptly manage potential allergic or other adverse reactions.

4. Avoid combining with contraindicated drugs: Inform your doctor about any other medications you are currently taking before using penicillin. Certain drugs, such as some bacteriostatic agents or anticoagulants, may interact with penicillin, reducing its effectiveness or increasing toxicity and side effects. Therefore, a suitable medication regimen should be determined under medical supervision.

5. Store medication properly: Penicillin medications should be stored as directed in the product instructions. Most penicillin formulations require protection from light and refrigerated storage. Leaving the medication at room temperature or exposing it to light for prolonged periods may cause degradation and loss of efficacy. Using degraded medication may not only fail to treat the disease but also trigger adverse reactions.

During penicillin treatment, adequate rest is recommended, and alcohol or alcoholic beverages should be avoided to prevent disulfiram-like reactions. Do not purchase or use penicillin drugs without a prescription; these medications must only be used under a doctor's prescription.