在高原呆久了会怎么样
Nov 04, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Ren Yi
Introduction
在高原呆久了可能出现慢性高原反应、心血管系统损伤、呼吸系统适应改变、消化系统不适、造血系统变化等。长期处于低氧环境，部分人会持续出现头晕、乏力、失眠等Symptoms。Symptoms时轻时重，可能伴随记忆力减退、注意力不集中，影响日常工作与Life状态。
Prolonged stay at high altitudes may lead to chronic mountain sickness, cardiovascular system damage, respiratory system adaptation changes, digestive discomfort, hematologic system alterations, etc. The details are as follows:
1. Chronic Mountain Sickness: Remaining in a low-oxygen environment for extended periods may cause some individuals to continuously experience symptoms such as dizziness, fatigue, and insomnia. Symptoms may fluctuate in severity and can be accompanied by memory decline and difficulty concentrating, affecting daily work and quality of life.
2. Cardiovascular System Damage: Hypoxia stimulates an increased heart rate and elevated blood pressure, placing additional strain on the heart. Over time, this may lead to myocardial hypertrophy, arrhythmias, and other issues—particularly increasing risks for those with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions.
3. Respiratory System Adaptation Changes: To obtain more oxygen, the body maintains a higher breathing rate over the long term. Increased alveolar ventilation may result in dry airways and chronic coughing, which in severe cases can impair lung function.
4. Digestive System Discomfort: The low-oxygen environment affects gastrointestinal motility and secretion of digestive fluids. This often leads to reduced appetite, bloating, alternating diarrhea and constipation, and over time may result in poor nutrient absorption and weight loss.
5. Hematologic System Changes: To enhance oxygen-carrying capacity, the body compensates by increasing red blood cell production. This may raise blood viscosity, increasing the risk of thrombosis, and may also cause clinical signs such as cyanosis of the face and lips.
Individuals living at high altitudes long-term should gradually acclimatize and avoid strenuous exercise. Seek medical attention promptly if persistent symptoms occur, and consider relocating to lower altitudes when necessary. New arrivals to high-altitude areas should slow down their acclimatization process to reduce the risk of worsening altitude reactions.
