What are the contraindications for taking capecitabine tablets?

Contraindications for taking capecitabine tablets include: hypersensitivity to capecitabine or its components, severe renal impairment, severe hepatic impairment, pregnancy and lactation, and concurrent use of disulfiram-like drugs. If underlying medical conditions or concomitant medications exist prior to treatment, patients should inform their doctor in advance.

1. Hypersensitivity to capecitabine or its components: Capecitabine tablets contain capecitabine and excipients. Patients who have previously experienced allergic reactions such as rash or difficulty breathing to these ingredients may suffer recurrent allergic reactions upon administration, which could be life-threatening.

2. Severe renal impairment: Capecitabine is primarily metabolized through the kidneys. In patients with severe renal impairment (e.g., creatinine clearance <30 mL/min), the drug cannot be adequately eliminated, leading to accumulation in the body, worsening kidney damage, and increased risk of toxic reactions.

3. Severe hepatic impairment: The liver plays a role in the metabolic conversion of capecitabine. In patients with severe hepatic dysfunction (e.g., Child-Pugh class C), reduced metabolic capacity may lead to drug accumulation, increasing the risk of liver injury and other adverse effects.

4. Pregnancy and breastfeeding women: Capecitabine has embryotoxic and teratogenic effects that may cause fetal developmental abnormalities. The drug can also be excreted in breast milk, potentially causing toxicity to infants during lactation; therefore, it is contraindicated in both pregnant and breastfeeding women.

5. Concurrent use of disulfiram-like drugs: Capecitabine metabolism may produce an effect similar to disulfiram. Concomitant use with disulfiram-like agents (e.g., disulfiram, metronidazole) may trigger serious reactions such as facial flushing, nausea, and difficulty breathing.

Patients should take the medication exactly as prescribed. During treatment with capecitabine tablets, maintain consistent dosing times to ensure stable blood drug levels. Monitor hands and feet for symptoms such as redness, swelling, or pain. Avoid spicy and irritating foods, and consume more fresh fruits and vegetables to support nutrition and help reduce drug side effects.