What is the first-line medication for mild hypertension?

There is no such thing as a "first-choice medication for mild hypertension." Commonly used drugs for mild hypertension include amlodipine besylate tablets, valsartan capsules, hydrochlorothiazide tablets, metoprolol tartrate tablets, and enalapril maleate tablets. The choice of medication should be made according to individual factors such as the patient's age and coexisting conditions, following medical advice. If blood pressure remains elevated after starting medication or symptoms such as dizziness and palpitations occur, prompt medical consultation is recommended.

1. Amlodipine Besylate Tablets: This is a calcium channel blocker that lowers blood pressure by dilating peripheral blood vessels. It provides stable and long-lasting antihypertensive effects and is suitable for patients with mild hypertension who also have stable angina. It has minimal impact on blood glucose and lipid levels.

2. Valsartan Capsules: As an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, it blocks signals that cause blood vessel constriction, thereby reducing peripheral vascular resistance. It is appropriate for patients with mild hypertension who also have diabetic nephropathy and generally has good tolerability.

3. Hydrochlorothiazide Tablets: A thiazide diuretic that reduces blood volume by decreasing body water and sodium ions, thus lowering blood pressure. It is suitable for patients with mild hypertension who also have edema. Electrolyte levels should be monitored during use.

4. Metoprolol Tartrate Tablets: A beta-blocker that lowers blood pressure by slowing heart rate and reducing myocardial contractility. It is ideal for patients with mild hypertension who also have tachyarrhythmias. Caution is advised in patients with asthma.

5. Enalapril Maleate Tablets: An angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that lowers blood pressure by inhibiting the production of angiotensin, leading to vasodilation. It is suitable for patients with mild hypertension who also have heart failure. Dry cough may occur in some individuals.

In daily life, patients with mild hypertension should adhere to a low-salt diet (no more than 5 grams of salt per day), engage regularly in gentle exercises such as walking or tai chi, maintain emotional stability, and routinely monitor and record their blood pressure to help achieve better blood pressure control.