Do infantile hemangiomas spread?

Most infantile hemangiomas do not spread; they are typically localized growths commonly found on the head, face, and neck. They usually enlarge only within the original area and may spontaneously regress with age. If a hemangioma grows rapidly, involves vital organs, or develops ulceration, prompt medical attention is recommended.

In terms of growth patterns, infantile hemangiomas generally enter a rapid growth phase 1–3 months after birth, characterized by an increase in lesion size and darkening of color. However, this growth remains confined to the initial site and does not spread uncontrollably into surrounding normal tissues. Between 6 and 12 months of age, the hemangioma typically enters a stable phase with slowed growth, followed by gradual involution. Most cases resolve spontaneously within 5 to 10 years.

It's important to note certain rare situations: if the hemangioma is multiple or located in critical areas such as around the eyes, throat, or airway, local enlargement may compress surrounding tissues, leading to complications such as impaired vision or breathing difficulties. These issues are not due to "spreading" but rather to local effects of the lesion. Such cases require timely intervention to prevent serious complications.

In daily care, avoid rubbing or pressing the affected area. Dress the infant in soft, loose clothing, keep the skin over the hemangioma clean and dry, and regularly monitor changes in the size and color of the lesion. Keeping a record of its growth can help guide decisions about whether treatment is needed later on.