What does a full-body medical examination include?

Full-body health checkups mainly include general physical examination, laboratory tests, imaging examinations, functional assessments, and specialized screenings. These evaluations comprehensively assess overall health, help detect diseases early, and should be tailored according to age, gender, and individual health risks. If abnormal results are found or persistent discomfort occurs, prompt medical consultation is recommended.

1. General Physical Examination: Conducted by physicians using visual inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation. It includes measurements of height, weight, and blood pressure, as well as examinations of the skin, lymph nodes, heart and lungs (via auscultation), and abdominal organs (via palpation). This provides a preliminary assessment of basic health status.

2. Laboratory Tests: Analysis of blood, urine, and stool samples. Complete blood count (CBC) helps detect infections and anemia; biochemical panels evaluate liver and kidney function, blood glucose, and lipid levels; urinalysis assesses urinary system health—helping identify metabolic disorders and organ dysfunction.

3. Imaging Examinations: Use of imaging devices to visualize internal structures. Chest X-rays assess lung conditions; abdominal ultrasounds examine organs such as the liver, spleen, and kidneys; thyroid ultrasound evaluates thyroid morphology. Some individuals may require additional CT or MRI scans for further evaluation.

4. Functional Assessments: Evaluate organ function, including electrocardiogram (ECG) to assess cardiac electrical activity, pulmonary function tests to measure respiratory capacity, and bone density testing—especially important for middle-aged and older adults—to prevent cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases and osteoporosis.

5. Specialized Screenings: Tailored based on gender and individual needs, such as gynecological exams for women (cervical cancer screening, breast ultrasound), prostate exams for men, and endoscopic gastrointestinal exams (e.g., gastroscopy, colonoscopy), aimed at detecting specialty-specific diseases.

Regular checkups should be performed according to medical recommendations. Prior to examination, maintain fasting, regular sleep patterns, and avoid staying up late or strenuous exercise. After the exam, promptly review test results and adopt healthy lifestyle habits to maintain stable bodily functions.