What are the effects on the body of eating only vegetables and no meat?

　　Eating only vegetables and avoiding meat may lead to deficiencies in high-quality protein, essential fatty acids, minerals such as iron and zinc, and vitamin B12, resulting in reduced immunity. Long-term adherence can disrupt the body's nutritional balance. If symptoms such as persistent fatigue, anemia, or poor immunity occur, it is advisable to seek medical attention promptly.

　　1. Deficiency of high-quality protein: Meat is a primary source of high-quality animal protein. Relying solely on vegetables can lead to insufficient protein intake, causing muscle loss, fatigue, and delayed wound healing, as well as impairing hormone synthesis and immune cell production.

　　2. Insufficient essential fatty acids: Meat contains essential fatty acids such as linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid. A vegetable-only diet may result in deficiency, affecting cell membrane function and brain development, and potentially leading to dry skin and hair loss.

　　3. Deficiency of minerals such as iron and zinc: Heme iron found in meat has high bioavailability. A vegetable-only diet increases the risk of iron-deficiency anemia, manifesting as dizziness and pallor. Inadequate zinc intake can also impair appetite, reproductive function, and wound healing.

　　4. Vitamin B12 deficiency: Vitamin B12 is primarily found in animal-based foods. Avoiding meat increases the risk of deficiency, which can cause neurological damage—such as memory decline and numbness in hands and feet—and exacerbate anemia.

　　5. Reduced immunity: High-quality protein, zinc, and vitamin B12 are all critical for immune function. Deficiencies caused by a vegetable-only diet can reduce immune cell activity and lower the body's resistance, making it more susceptible to pathogen invasion.

　　A balanced daily diet is essential. Include lean meats, fish, shellfish, or eggs in each meal to ensure adequate intake of high-quality protein. Choose a variety of vegetables, and pair them with whole grains to achieve comprehensive nutrition and maintain stable bodily functions.