What are the symptoms of intrauterine hypoxia?

Intrauterine hypoxia mainly manifests as abnormal fetal movement, abnormal fetal heart rate, fetal growth restriction, amniotic fluid abnormalities, and unusual symptoms in the pregnant woman. It commonly occurs in the middle to late stages of pregnancy and requires close monitoring to ensure fetal safety. If there is a significant decrease or abnormal increase in fetal movement, or abnormal fetal heart rate, immediate medical attention is recommended.

1. Abnormal fetal movement: When the fetus is oxygen-deprived, fetal movements may first become frequent and then decrease, or show a marked reduction directly (fewer than 10 movements within 12 hours), or even cease altogether. This is an important distress signal from the fetus to the mother and should be promptly addressed.

2. Abnormal fetal heart rate: The normal fetal heart rate ranges between 110–160 beats per minute. During hypoxia, the heart rate may initially increase (over 160 bpm) and then gradually slow down (below 110 bpm). These changes can be detected through fetal heart rate monitoring.

3. Fetal growth restriction: Oxygen deprivation can impair fetal nutrient absorption and development. Prenatal checkups may reveal that fundal height and abdominal circumference are below standard values for gestational age, with significantly slowed growth velocity.

4. Amniotic fluid abnormalities: Hypoxia may lead to oligohydramnios (maximum amniotic fluid depth less than 2 cm) or amniotic fluid contamination (amniotic fluid appears yellow-green or brownish-yellow). Changes in amniotic fluid can be observed via ultrasound.

5. Unusual maternal symptoms: Some pregnant women may experience chest tightness, shortness of breath, difficulty breathing, dizziness, or fatigue. These symptoms may indirectly reflect intrauterine fetal hypoxia.

Regular prenatal checkups are essential during pregnancy. Pregnant women should count and record fetal movements as recommended, rest in a left lateral position, avoid prolonged sitting or standing, engage in mild physical activities such as walking to improve blood circulation, maintain a balanced diet, avoid excessive fatigue, and provide a healthy intrauterine environment for the fetus.