What causes nausea and feeling unwell during pregnancy?

Generally, nausea and vomiting during pregnancy may be caused by hormonal changes, excessive mental stress, acute gastroenteritis during pregnancy, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, or hyperemesis gravidarum. If symptoms occur frequently or become severe, it is recommended to seek timely medical attention at a正规 hospital. Detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Hormonal Changes

After conception, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels rise sharply, stimulating gastrointestinal smooth muscle contractions and leading to nausea and vomiting. It is advisable to eat small, frequent meals, choose light foods such as soda crackers and steamed buns, avoid greasy odors, and take a gentle walk after meals.

2. Excessive Mental Stress

Anxiety about the unknown aspects of pregnancy can lead to sympathetic nervous system activation and gastrointestinal dysfunction, resulting in discomfort and nausea. Family members should provide companionship and emotional support. Listening to soft music, walking, and ensuring adequate sleep can help relieve stress and stabilize mood.

3. Acute Gastroenteritis During Pregnancy

Consumption of contaminated food can cause bacterial infection of the gastrointestinal tract, leading to mucosal congestion and edema, which triggers vomiting, often accompanied by diarrhea. Treatment may include medications such as montmorillonite powder, oral rehydration salts III, and bifidobacterium triple viable capsules under medical guidance. Avoid oily and spicy foods temporarily.

4. Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy

Abnormal bile acid metabolism irritates the gastrointestinal tract and impairs liver function, causing nausea and vomiting, often accompanied by skin itching. Medications such as ursodeoxycholic acid capsules, ademetionine enteric-coated tablets, and vitamin C tablets may be taken under a doctor's supervision. Liver function should be monitored regularly.

5. Hyperemesis Gravidarum

Severe hormonal fluctuations after pregnancy can lead to persistent vomiting, inability to eat, and risk of electrolyte imbalance. Hospitalization may be required for intravenous fluid replacement to correct imbalances. Medications such as vitamin B6 injection, metoclopramide tablets, and promethazine tablets may be used as prescribed. In severe cases, termination of pregnancy may be necessary.

In daily life, maintain good dietary hygiene with fresh and easily digestible ingredients; follow a regular作息 schedule and avoid overexertion; stay emotionally positive and proactively learn about prenatal health; attend routine prenatal checkups to promptly identify and manage any abnormalities.