What are the symptoms of decreased estrogen in elderly women?

Under normal circumstances, the decline of estrogen in older women can trigger a series of physical changes. Main symptoms include hot flashes and night sweats, urogenital discomfort, mood swings, deteriorating skin condition, and joint or bone discomfort. A detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Hot flashes and night sweats: A drop in estrogen often causes dysfunction in vascular constriction and dilation, leading to hot flashes. Patients may suddenly feel intense heat in the face, neck, and chest, accompanied by sweating. After the episode, chills may occur. Symptoms tend to worsen at night; frequent episodes can disrupt sleep and reduce sleep quality.

2. Urogenital discomfort: Reduced estrogen causes thinning and decreased elasticity of the urogenital mucosa, resulting in vaginal dryness, itching, and pain or discomfort during sexual intercourse. At the same time, the weakened resistance of the urethral mucosa increases the risk of frequent urination, urgency, and recurrent urinary tract infections.

3. Mood swings: Fluctuations in estrogen levels affect the balance of neurotransmitters, reducing emotional stability. Patients may frequently experience irritability, anxiety, depression, memory decline, and difficulty concentrating, all of which can impact daily life and interpersonal relationships.

4. Deteriorating skin condition: Declining estrogen accelerates the loss of skin collagen, reduces elasticity, and leads to more and deeper wrinkles. The skin also becomes dry and rough, loses its former luster, and faces an increased risk of pigmentation, making age spots more likely to appear.

5. Joint and bone discomfort: Estrogen helps inhibit bone resorption. When estrogen levels drop, bone metabolism becomes unbalanced, accelerating bone loss. Patients often experience joint pain and stiffness, especially after physical activity. The risk of developing osteoporosis significantly increases, raising the likelihood of fractures.

Older women can help regulate their physical condition through regular作息 (daily routines), balanced diets, and moderate exercise. Consuming more foods rich in calcium and vitamin D, along with maintaining a positive and optimistic mindset, can help alleviate discomfort caused by declining estrogen levels.