How long does it take for the hole to heal after fistula surgery?

Nov 14, 2025 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Li Jingxiang

Introduction

The healing time for the wound after anal fistula surgery varies from person to person and typically takes 4 to 8 weeks. The key factors include the complexity of the fistula, the surgical method used, and the quality of postoperative care. Simple fistulas heal faster due to smaller wounds, while complex fistulas, which involve larger and deeper wounds, require a longer healing period. Daily care should follow medical advice, including regular dressing changes and warm water sitz baths to keep the wound clean. It is also recommended to consume high-protein foods and maintain regular bowel movements through proper diet.

　　The healing time for the cavity after anal fistula surgery varies from person to person and typically takes 4 to 8 weeks. The key factors include the complexity of the fistula, the surgical method used, and the quality of postoperative care. Simple anal fistulas have smaller wounds and heal faster, while complex fistulas, which involve larger and deeper wounds, require a longer healing period. A detailed analysis is as follows:

　　Simple anal fistulas feature shallow tracts without branches, resulting in small postoperative wounds. With proper care, healing is generally complete within 4 to 6 weeks. During the first 1 to 2 weeks after surgery, the wound gradually shrinks and discharge decreases, while new granulation tissue slowly fills the cavity. Keeping the wound clean and dry during this phase effectively reduces the risk of infection and accelerates healing. In contrast, complex anal fistulas result in deeper and more extensive cavities, and some cases may require seton placement, leading to a healing period of 6 to 8 weeks or even longer. If complications such as infection or false healing occur after surgery, the recovery process may be further delayed.

　　In daily life, patients should follow medical advice for regular dressing changes, use warm water sitz baths to clean the wound, consume high-protein foods, and maintain smooth bowel movements to provide sufficient nutrition and an optimal environment for wound healing.

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Is it normal for the wound to itch after surgery for anal fistula?

In general, it is normal for the wound to itch after surgery for anal fistula. After the surgery, as the wound gradually heals, a series of normal physiological changes occur, including itching at the wound site. This is primarily due to the continuous growth of new granulation tissue and the gradual repair and development of nerve endings, which may cause a sensation of itching.

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How to clean the wound after anal fistula surgery

Under normal circumstances, methods for cleaning wounds after anal fistula surgery include warm water sitz baths, disinfection with iodophor, potassium permanganate solution cleansing, sulfur soap cleansing, and using sterile normal saline. Patients who have undergone anal fistula surgery should also check the wound daily for signs of infection such as redness, swelling, discharge, or unusual odor. If any abnormalities occur, immediate medical attention is required.

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What are the methods for anal fistula surgery?

Under normal circumstances, anal fistula is a common anorectal disease. Common surgical treatments for anal fistula include fistulotomy, fistulectomy, seton placement, intestinal flap procedure, and laser therapy. If discomfort symptoms occur, it is recommended to seek timely medical attention at a hospital and undergo standardized treatment under a physician's guidance. After surgery, it is also important to rest adequately, maintain anal hygiene, and avoid strenuous physical activity.

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How long after anal fistula surgery should there be no bleeding?

There is no fixed standard for the time of cessation of bleeding after anal fistula surgery. Generally, bleeding significantly decreases and gradually stops within 3 to 7 days postoperatively. The exact duration depends directly on the size of the surgical wound, individual coagulation function, and postoperative care. Patients with smaller wounds and proper care tend to recover faster, while those with larger wounds or inadequate care may experience prolonged bleeding. In terms of diet, it is recommended to consume more liquid foods such as porridge and well-cooked noodles.