Can patients with anal fissures smoke?
Nov 14, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Li Jingxiang
Introduction
Patients with anal fissures should avoid smoking, as it can affect recovery in multiple ways and may even worsen symptoms. Whether during the acute phase or recovery period, smoking may delay wound healing and increase the risk of recurrence. Daily care should include warm water sitz baths to clean the wound and relieve sphincter spasms. Wear loose, breathable underwear and avoid prolonged sitting that puts pressure on the anal area.
Smoking is not recommended for patients with anal fissures, as it can affect recovery in multiple ways and may even worsen symptoms. Whether during an acute episode or the recovery phase, smoking may delay wound healing and increase the risk of recurrence. The detailed reasons are as follows:
Nicotine in cigarettes constricts blood vessels, reducing blood flow to the perianal tissues. Adequate blood circulation is essential for wound healing. Insufficient blood supply leads to poor nutrition at the fissure site, slowing down tissue repair. As a result, a fresh anal fissure that could have healed quickly may progress into a chronic, non-healing fissure. Additionally, smoking weakens the immune system, making the perianal area more susceptible to bacterial infections, thereby exacerbating local inflammation and pain. Some patients may experience constipation after smoking; dry stools during bowel movements can repeatedly irritate and further tear the fissure, creating a vicious cycle.
Daily care should include warm water sitz baths to clean the wound and relieve sphincter muscle spasms. Wear loose, breathable underwear and avoid prolonged sitting that puts pressure on the anal area. Maintain regular sleep patterns, a positive mindset, and follow a light diet to create favorable conditions for healing and reduce the likelihood of recurrence.
