What could be causing itching at the female urethral opening and external genitalia?

Itching at the female urethral opening and vulva may be caused by poor hygiene, irritation from clothing materials, vulvitis, vaginitis, urethritis, etc. Symptoms can be improved through enhanced cleaning, changing clothes, and medication. If itching worsens or is accompanied by abnormal discharge or discomfort during urination, prompt medical attention is necessary.

1. Poor Hygiene: Inadequate or untimely cleaning of the vulva and urethral area allows secretions and residual urine to irritate the skin, causing itching. It is recommended to wash the vulva daily with warm water and wipe from front to back, avoiding excessive cleaning that could disrupt the natural microbial balance.

2. Irritation from Clothing Material: Wearing synthetic or tight-fitting clothing can cause poor ventilation and skin friction, leading to itching at the urethral opening and vulva. It is advised to switch to loose cotton underwear, change and wash them frequently, and launder clothes separately before sun-drying.

3. Vulvitis: Bacterial infection or irritation from secretions can inflame the skin and mucous membranes of the vulva, resulting in itching, redness, swelling, and possibly a burning sensation. Under medical guidance, medications such as potassium permanganate solution, erythromycin ointment, or metronidazole gel may be used to relieve symptoms.

4. Vaginitis: Inflammation caused by pathogenic infection in the vagina leads to discharge that irritates the vulva and urethral opening, causing itching along with foul odor and abnormal color of discharge. Under medical supervision, medications such as clotrimazole suppositories, metronidazole vaginal effervescent tablets, or nystatin suppositories may be used to alleviate symptoms.

5. Urethritis: Bacterial invasion of the urethra causes inflammation, which irritates the urethral opening and results in itching, accompanied by frequent urination, urgency, and painful urination. Follow medical advice to use medications such as levofloxacin capsules, cefaclor capsules, or Sanjin tablets to improve symptoms.

In daily life, it is recommended to keep the vulva dry and avoid moist environments, maintain cleanliness before and after sexual activity, eat a light diet avoiding spicy foods, drink plenty of warm water, promote metabolism, and support the recovery of reproductive and urinary system health.