What gynecological examinations should a woman undergo for pubic pain?

When women experience pubic pain and visit a gynecologist, doctors typically arrange a series of examinations based on symptoms, including physical examination, ultrasound, X-ray, complete blood count (CBC), and routine vaginal discharge tests. These assessments help identify the cause of pain from different angles and provide evidence for subsequent treatment. The specific analysis is as follows:

1. Physical Examination: The doctor will palpate the pubic symphysis and surrounding tissues to check for tenderness, swelling, or increased pain during movement. Gait and posture (such as sitting position) will also be observed to assess the stability of the pubic symphysis. This helps initially rule out conditions such as pubic symphysis diastasis or soft tissue injury, guiding further diagnostic steps.

2. Ultrasound Examination: Ultrasound is non-invasive and convenient, providing clear images of the width of the pubic symphysis gap, surrounding soft tissues, and pelvic structures. If pubic symphysis diastasis is present, the separation distance can be accurately measured. It also helps detect pelvic pathologies such as pelvic inflammatory disease or ovarian cysts.

3. X-ray Examination: X-ray imaging clearly shows the bony structure of the pubic symphysis, helping doctors identify abnormalities such as fractures or bone spurs. For patients with a history of trauma or suspected skeletal disorders, this test provides critical diagnostic information to determine whether the pain originates from bone-related issues.

4. Complete Blood Count (CBC): CBC is primarily used to detect signs of infection. If pubic pain is related to pelvic inflammatory disease or soft tissue infection, inflammatory markers such as white blood cells and neutrophils may be significantly elevated. This test helps confirm infectious causes and guides appropriate anti-infective treatment.

5. Routine Vaginal Discharge Examination: This test helps diagnose gynecological inflammations such as vaginitis or cervicitis. If left untreated, inflammatory secretions may irritate the pelvic cavity and surrounding pubic tissues, leading to pain. Identifying the presence and type of inflammation allows targeted anti-inflammatory therapy.

Prior to testing, patients should communicate with their doctor about details such as potential triggers and duration of pain, and wear loose clothing to facilitate examination. Based on the results, the doctor will develop an individualized treatment plan. Patients should actively cooperate with treatment, ensure adequate rest, and avoid strenuous activities that could worsen the pain.