What ointment is good for cleaning an anal fistula wound?

In general, postoperative wound care for anal fistula requires the use of ointments that have both anti-infective and healing-promoting properties. Patients may use medications such as mupirocin ointment, compound polymyxin B ointment, recombinant human epidermal growth factor gel, Longzhu ointment, or Kangfuxin solution as directed by a physician to improve wound recovery. Detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Mupirocin Ointment

As a topical antibiotic, mupirocin works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis, effectively killing bacteria. It shows good efficacy against skin infections caused by Gram-positive cocci. Anal fistula wounds are prone to fecal contamination and subsequent infection; this ointment can effectively prevent and control wound infection, laying the foundation for healing.

2. Compound Polymyxin B Ointment

This ointment contains polymyxin B, neomycin, and bacitracin, offering combined antibacterial effects and mild pain relief. It is effective against a wide range of common wound pathogens, inhibits bacterial growth, and simultaneously alleviates wound pain and discomfort, making it suitable for patients experiencing significant pain after anal fistula surgery.

3. Recombinant Human Epidermal Growth Factor Gel

This gel does not contain antimicrobial components. Its primary function is to promote epidermal cell proliferation and tissue repair. It accelerates granulation tissue formation in anal fistula wounds, shortens healing time, and is particularly suitable during the repair phase after wound cleansing and infection control, facilitating rapid re-epithelialization.

4. Longzhu Ointment

A traditional Chinese medicine preparation, Longzhu ointment has functions of clearing heat and detoxifying, reducing swelling and relieving pain, removing necrotic tissue, and promoting tissue regeneration. It helps alleviate redness, swelling, and pain at the anal fistula wound site, clears away dead tissue, and promotes the growth of healthy granulation tissue. It is especially appropriate for wounds with mild inflammation or presence of necrotic tissue.

5. Kangfuxin Solution

The main ingredient is an extract from the dried body of *Periplaneta americana* (American cockroach). It promotes blood circulation at the wound site and supports tissue repair. When applied externally, it keeps the anal fistula wound moist, reduces pain, and accelerates healing. It is particularly beneficial as an adjunct treatment for chronic or hard-to-heal anal fistula wounds.

Before applying any medication, ensure the wound is clean. After each bowel movement, rinse the perianal area with warm water. Wear loose, breathable underwear daily to avoid wound friction. Maintain a light diet rich in dietary fiber to ensure smooth bowel movements. The choice of ointment should be made under a doctor’s guidance based on the specific condition of the wound. If abnormalities such as increased redness, swelling, or exudate occur, seek medical attention promptly.