What does bipolar disorder mean?

Generally, bipolar disorder is a mental health condition characterized by both manic or hypomanic episodes and depressive episodes. A detailed explanation is as follows:

Bipolar disorder is a psychiatric condition centered on extreme mood fluctuations, manifesting as alternating periods of mania and depression. During manic episodes, individuals experience heightened energy, racing thoughts, and increased speech, often accompanied by inflated self-esteem and impulsive behaviors such as excessive spending or sleeplessness. In contrast, during depressive episodes, individuals suffer from persistent low mood, loss of interest, slowed movements, changes in appetite, sleep disturbances, and potentially negative or suicidal thoughts. Between these episodes, mood may return to normal; however, during active phases, daily functioning and social interactions are significantly impaired.

During stable periods, it is important to help establish regular routines, including consistent sleep and meal times, to minimize triggers for mood swings. Encourage participation in gentle physical activities such as walking or yoga, while avoiding highly stimulating or intense activities. Maintain a calm and supportive communication environment, avoiding harsh criticism or excessive indulgence. Closely monitor emotional changes and document subtle warning signs before episodes occur, enabling timely intervention. Additionally, ensure strict adherence to prescribed treatment plans and discourage any unauthorized adjustments to medication or therapy.