What causes sore and aching eyes?

　　Eye soreness and discomfort may be caused by eye strain, environmental irritation, lack of sleep, conjunctivitis, dry eye syndrome, etc. Symptoms can be improved through proper rest, improving the environment, getting sufficient sleep, or medical treatment. If the soreness persists or worsens, or is accompanied by blurred vision or light sensitivity, prompt medical attention is necessary.

　　1. Eye strain: Prolonged close-up work or screen use keeps the eye muscles tense, leading to soreness, eye pressure, and visual fatigue. It is recommended to limit screen time and take a 5-minute break every 30 minutes by looking into the distance. Avoid using electronic devices late at night.

　　2. Environmental irritation: Dry, dusty environments or exposure to bright light and blue light can cause eye discomfort and soreness, possibly accompanied by dryness. Increase indoor humidity, avoid staring directly at bright lights, and wear blue-light-blocking glasses to reduce irritation.

　　3. Sleep deprivation: Chronic late nights and poor sleep quality prevent the eyes from resting adequately, causing sustained tension in the ciliary muscle and resulting in eye soreness. Aim for 7–8 hours of sleep per night and avoid electronic devices one hour before bedtime.

　　4. Conjunctivitis: Inflammation of the conjunctiva caused by bacterial or viral infection leads to redness, swelling, increased discharge, and symptoms such as eye soreness and itching. Under medical guidance, medications like levofloxacin eye drops, acyclovir eye drops, or erythromycin eye ointment may be used to relieve symptoms.

　　5. Dry eye syndrome: Insufficient tear production or excessive evaporation leaves the eyes inadequately lubricated, causing soreness, dryness, and a burning sensation. Patients may use sodium hyaluronate eye drops, polyethylene glycol eye drops, or vitamin B12 eye drops as directed by a physician to alleviate discomfort.

　　Maintain good eye hygiene, avoid rubbing eyes with dirty hands, eat more fruits and vegetables rich in vitamins A and C, avoid prolonged stays in dry environments, and maintain a regular daily routine to ensure adequate eye rest.