What does mydriasis for myopia mean?

Mydriasis for myopia is an examination method that uses medication to relax the ciliary muscle and dilate the pupil. Its primary purpose is to rule out pseudo-myopia and obtain an accurate measurement of true refractive error. The specific approach varies by age group. Details are as follows:

In adolescents, the ciliary muscle has strong accommodative ability. Prolonged near-work can easily cause ciliary muscle spasm, leading to pseudo-myopia. Mydriatic medications fully relax the ciliary muscle and eliminate accommodation interference. If myopia disappears after mydriasis, it indicates pseudo-myopia; if myopia persists, it is true myopia. This method helps prevent misdiagnosing pseudo-myopia as true myopia and ensures precise eyeglass prescriptions.

Mydriasis is divided into fast and slow types. Fast mydriasis uses short-acting agents, taking effect in about 30 minutes and wearing off within 6–8 hours, making it suitable for adolescents aged 12 and above, as well as adults. Slow mydriasis uses long-acting agents, requiring three consecutive days of medication and taking around 20 days to wear off, which is more appropriate for children under 12.

Prior to undergoing mydriasis, patients should inform the doctor of their ocular and medication history. After mydriasis, wearing sunglasses outdoors is recommended, and strenuous physical activity should be avoided. Parents should assist young children with proper protection to ensure the examination is safe and successful, providing reliable data for subsequent myopia management and control.