What should I do if my baby's teeth are not coming in?

Delayed tooth eruption in babies can be managed through observation, nutritional supplementation, oral care, gum stimulation, and checking for pathological factors. In most cases, this is due to normal developmental variation and does not require excessive concern. However, if a baby has not erupted the first tooth by age 1, or shows other abnormalities, timely medical evaluation is recommended.

1. Observation and waiting: There is individual variation in the timing of primary tooth eruption. Most babies erupt their first tooth between 6–8 months of age, and eruption within the first year is considered normal. Simply monitor regularly for signs of tooth emergence.

2. Nutritional supplementation: Ensure adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D through breastfeeding, formula, or complementary foods to support tooth bud development and provide essential nutrients for tooth eruption.

3. Oral care: Gently wipe the baby’s gums daily with a clean gauze pad to maintain oral hygiene, reduce bacterial growth, and prevent excessive gum keratinization that may hinder tooth eruption.

4. Gum stimulation: Provide safe teething toys or teething-friendly foods to encourage chewing and friction on the gums, which helps stimulate gum tissue and facilitates the emergence of teeth.

5. Check for pathological causes: If teeth fail to erupt over time, investigate potential issues such as missing tooth buds, thickened gums, or endocrine disorders. A professional examination can identify the underlying cause and guide targeted treatment.

In daily care, ensure the baby's diet is balanced and includes complementary foods rich in calcium and vitamins; avoid prolonged use of pacifiers that may interfere with gum development; clean the mouth regularly, and never attempt to manually dig or pick at the gums. These measures help create optimal conditions for tooth eruption.