What should I do if a child has a lump of tissue growing next to a tooth?

A lump of tissue growing beside a child's tooth may be caused by teething-related gum swelling, food residue irritation, minor oral mucosal injury, gingivitis, or periapical inflammation. The condition can be improved through oral hygiene, avoiding irritants, and medical treatment. If the lump continues to grow or is accompanied by pain and pus formation, prompt medical attention is necessary.

1. Gum swelling during teething: When permanent teeth are about to erupt, they may press against the gums, causing localized swelling. The area usually feels soft and isn't painful. Maintain good oral hygiene, avoid touching the area with hands, allow the tooth to emerge naturally, and minimize local irritation.

2. Food residue irritation: Leftover food stuck between teeth that isn't cleaned promptly can repeatedly irritate the gums, leading to mild localized swelling. Gently clean between teeth using children's dental floss, rinse the mouth after meals, and reduce food accumulation.

3. Minor oral mucosal injury: Hard foods can cause friction injuries to the gums or oral mucosa during eating. Small lumps may form during healing, sometimes with mild tenderness. Avoid hard foods, maintain a light diet, and allow the injured mucosa to heal naturally.

4. Gingivitis: Accumulation of dental plaque leads to gum inflammation, resulting in red, swollen gums and the formation of small lumps, often accompanied by bleeding during brushing and bad breath. Under a doctor’s guidance, use medications such as pediatric compound chlorhexidine mouthwash, iodine glycerin, or pediatric amoxicillin granules to relieve symptoms.

5. Periapical inflammation: Pulp inflammation spreading to the root tip causes inflammation in the surrounding tissues, forming fistula-like lumps on the gums, possibly accompanied by tooth pain and discomfort when biting. Follow medical advice to use medications such as metronidazole buccal tablets, cefixime granules, or ibuprofen suspension to alleviate symptoms.

Maintain proper oral hygiene for children: brush teeth twice daily with a soft-bristled toothbrush, limit sugary foods, schedule regular dental checkups, and address any abnormalities promptly to protect oral health.