What medications are used for macular degeneration of the fundus?

Commonly used medications for macular degeneration of the retina generally include Ranibizumab Injection, Conbercept Ophthalmic Injection, Aflibercept Intravitreal Injection Solution, Pegaptanib Sodium Injection, and Vitamin C tablets. Detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Ranibizumab Injection: This medication inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) activity, reduces the formation of new blood vessels in the macular area, and alleviates macular edema. It is suitable for wet-type macular degeneration and must be administered via intravitreal injection. Treatment should follow a prescribed course to control disease progression.

2. Conbercept Ophthalmic Injection: This drug specifically binds to vascular endothelial growth factor, blocking the formation of new blood vessels and relieving hemorrhage and edema in the macular region. It is appropriate for patients with wet-type macular degeneration. Regular fundus examinations are required after injection to monitor response and adjust the treatment plan accordingly.

3. Aflibercept Intravitreal Injection Solution: This agent inhibits multiple pro-angiogenic factors and has a long-lasting effect. It effectively improves visual acuity in patients with wet-type macular degeneration and reduces the extent of macular lesions. Intravitreal injections must be performed at professional medical facilities, and proper postoperative care is essential.

4. Pegaptanib Sodium Injection: By inhibiting complement system activation, this medication reduces inflammatory responses in the macular area, slows the progression of dry-type macular degeneration, and lowers the risk of disease worsening. Dosage and injection frequency must strictly follow medical instructions.

5. Vitamin C Tablets: Used as an adjunctive therapy, vitamin C participates in ocular tissue metabolism and helps reduce oxidative damage. When combined with other targeted medications, it supports protection of macular cells and slows the progression of macular degeneration. It should be taken orally at the recommended dose.

Prior to using any medication, patients should undergo comprehensive fundus examinations under medical guidance to determine the specific type of lesion. After intravitreal injections, maintain good eye hygiene to prevent infection. Regular follow-up visits to assess vision and fundus changes are necessary, and any physical discomfort should be promptly reported. In daily life, avoid direct exposure of the eyes to intense light, maintain a regular lifestyle, and adopt healthy habits to assist in disease management.