What to do for hemorrhagic shock

When hemorrhagic shock occurs, it is essential to immediately call emergency services, stop the bleeding quickly, lay the patient flat and elevate their lower limbs, keep the airway open, and closely monitor vital signs. In such situations, every second counts—prompt first aid must be administered while waiting for professional medical help. Detailed measures are as follows:

1. Immediately call emergency services

Hemorrhagic shock is a life-threatening condition. Rapid blood loss within a short time can be fatal. Promptly contacting emergency personnel ensures the patient receives timely professional medical care, increasing the chances of successful resuscitation.

2. Stop the bleeding quickly

Bleeding control is crucial and directly affects the patient's survival. For external bleeding, apply direct pressure to the wound using clean gauze or clothing. For severe limb bleeding, use a tourniquet, but record the application time and release it every 30 minutes to prevent tissue damage.

3. Lay the patient flat and elevate the lower limbs

This position helps reduce blood pooling in the lower extremities and promotes blood return to critical organs such as the heart and brain, maintaining perfusion to vital organs and alleviating tissue hypoxia caused by shock. Avoid moving the patient unnecessarily to prevent worsening injuries.

4. Keep the airway open

A patient in shock may become disoriented or vomit. Tilting the head back and lifting the chin opens the airway. Clear any foreign material or vomitus from the mouth to prevent choking and ensure oxygen can enter the lungs for proper gas exchange.

5. Closely monitor vital signs

Pay close attention to breathing, pulse, and level of consciousness. If breathing or cardiac arrest occurs, initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) immediately. Continuous monitoring allows timely detection of changes in condition and provides accurate information to emergency responders.

In daily life, individuals with coagulation disorders or vascular diseases should undergo regular check-ups and take preventive measures. During first aid, do not give the patient food or drink to avoid vomiting or aspiration. Tourniquets should not be applied too tightly to prevent limb necrosis. Keep the environment calm while awaiting rescue.