What are the contraindications of sodium bicarbonate injection?
Nov 25, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Wang Lei
Introduction
Contraindications for sodium bicarbonate injection include metabolic alkalosis, severe renal insufficiency, hypocalcemia, gastric lavage in cases of strong acid ingestion, and hypersensitivity to any component of the product. Patients should be fully aware of their medical condition before use; if any adverse reactions occur, discontinue use immediately and consult a physician. This is a prescription medication and must be used under the guidance of a physician—do not adjust the dosage on your own.
Contraindications for sodium bicarbonate injection include metabolic alkalosis, severe renal insufficiency, hypocalcemia, gastric lavage in cases of strong acid ingestion, and allergy to any component of the product. Patients should clearly understand their health status before use, discontinue the drug immediately if adverse reactions occur, and consult a physician. Detailed explanations are as follows:
1. Metabolic Alkalosis
Sodium bicarbonate is alkaline and increases the body's alkali reserve. In patients with metabolic alkalosis, alkaline levels are already elevated; administration of this product can worsen acid-base imbalance, potentially causing symptoms such as tetany and mental confusion, thereby increasing the risk of disease progression.
2. Severe Renal Insufficiency
The kidneys are key organs in regulating acid-base balance. Patients with severe renal insufficiency have reduced ability to excrete alkali. Administration of this product may lead to drug accumulation, resulting in complications such as edema and hypertension, further impairing kidney function.
3. Hypocalcemia
An alkaline environment reduces the solubility of calcium ions, exacerbating hypocalcemia. After using this product, patients may experience muscle spasms or arrhythmias, affecting neuromuscular and cardiovascular system functions.
4. Gastric Lavage Following Ingestion of Strong Acid
After ingestion of strong acid, the reaction between sodium bicarbonate and acid produces large amounts of carbon dioxide, which may cause gastric distension or even perforation, increasing the risk of gastrointestinal tract injury. Therefore, gastric lavage with this product is strictly prohibited in such cases.
5. Allergy to Components of the Product
In individuals with hypersensitivity to any ingredient of the product, administration may trigger allergic reactions such as rash or difficulty breathing. Severe reactions could be life-threatening. These individuals must absolutely avoid using the product.
This product is a prescription medication and must be used only under the guidance of a physician; self-adjustment of dosage is not permitted. Acid-base balance and electrolyte levels should be monitored during treatment. If discomfort such as nausea or vomiting occurs, inform the physician promptly. Store in a light-resistant, tightly sealed container out of reach of children.
